In The Loop: Uncovering carmine - how a bug-derived dye colours the world of beauty

Let's talk about carmine - aka the red pigment that makes up the hue in most of our lipsticks. This punchy red dye comes from, believe it or not, female cochineal insects (oval shaped, flat-bodied bugs) that can be found living on cacti in the Americas. Yes, you heard that right – these tiny insects are harvested, dried, and then crushed to extract carminic acid, which is the magic behind that vibrant red colour we see in so many of our make-up products.

Carmine has been a big deal in the beauty world for centuries because of that gorgeous red hue it provides. It's used in everything from your favourite lipstick to that blush that makes you look like you've just been kissed by the sun. And it's all-natural, which in theory sounds great, but that’s not the whole story. Not everyone is happy with the idea of the use of bugs to create their make-up products, leading to some pretty heated discussions on the ethics of it all. Plus, with more of us leaning into vegan and cruelty-free lifestyles, the pressure's on for beauty brands to find alternatives that don't involve our insect friends.

The good news is that awareness is on the rise and many beauty brands are stepping up their game, hunting down cruelty-free and vegan options. So, next time you swipe on that red lipstick, just think about the journey it's been on to get to you. 

Why is carmine used in the beauty industry?

Let's take a closer look into why the beauty world is totally obsessed with carmine. This stuff is the game changer and the beauty industry utilises carmine due to its durability and the intensity of the red colour it imparts, ranging from orange-red to deep purple-red, depending on the formulation and the pH of the product it is added to. Carmine is the ingredient that helps you achieve those perfect rosy cheeks and eye-popping looks like no other. Plus, it plays well with other pigments, so brands can get really creative with their colour palettes. Carmine is also used in nail polishes for rich colour payoff, as well as foundations and powders too, where the undertones are tweaked to give you that warm, just-got-back-from-holiday glow.

However, it has been reported that nearly 70,000 female insects are used to create one pound of the crimson dye. Carisa Janes,  Founder and CEO of Hourglass Cosmetics, says on the launch of her Unlocked lipstick collection: “Carmine is everywhere, from food and alcohol to paint, medication and lipstick. Creating a vegan alternative felt like an impossible feat at times, but it was such an important step.” 

How to identify if make-up products contain carmine? 

The use of carmine in cosmetics is appreciated for its vibrant colour and natural origin, however, it has also prompted discussions around transparency and ethical considerations, given that it is derived from insects. As a result, there is a growing demand for labelling that clearly indicates its presence for the benefit of vegan and vegetarian consumers, as well as those with allergies or ethical concerns regarding animal-derived ingredients. In response, some brands are exploring synthetic or plant-based alternatives to cater to this consumer base. 

To identify if a make-up product contains carmine, you can check the product's ingredient list. Carmine can be listed under various names, including Carmine, Cochineal Extract, Crimson Lake, Natural Red 4, C.I. 75470, and E120. It is commonly found in products such as lipsticks, lip glosses, lip balms, eye shadows, blushes, and nail polishes.

Which make-up brands and products do not contain carmine?  

If you're on the lookout for some carmine-free make-up options (because, you know, bugs in your blush might not be your thing), you're in luck. There are tonnes of brands out there that have swapped out carmine for some pretty cool alternatives. We're talking plant-based goodies and synthetic dyes that still give you those vibrant colours without the bug factor. 

"We know that vegan ingredients perform just as effectively as those derived from animals," says Susie Ma, founder and CEO of Tropic Skincare. "That's why we choose to use plant-powered alternatives, like beetroot-derived pigment, to provide the rich colour in our lipsticks and blushers. Animal-derived ingredients tend to go through an intense cleansing process to remove bacteria, while vegan ones go through a much simpler refinement process."

So, if you're all about keeping your beauty routine on the eco-friendly and bug-free side, these are the brands you'll want to check out:

Carmine-free beauty products