The idea that what we eat and drink affects our skin to some degree isn't new, but we’ve really run with it. Today, you can find millions of videos online about how you can eat your way to better skin. Urging viewers to include daily carrot juice as a way to “get your retinol” to help with ageing and skin cell renewal. More sardines for healthy, glowing, hydrated skin. Broccoli and citrus fruits for vitamin C, to boost a glow. While seriously healthy and delicious, it sounds almost too good to be true.

“What is new is the way it’s showing up culturally. The trend has taken off on TikTok, where we’re seeing concepts like “eat your retinol” or “drink your glow”… reframing skincare through the lens of food” explains Jess Sepel, Founder of JSHealth Vitamins & Expert Nutritionist. “At its core, though, the message is much more grounded. It’s about recognising that your skin reflects what’s happening internally.”

“Food plays an important role in skin health. Getting enough essential nutrients—particularly vitamins, minerals, healthy fats, and protein—supports normal skin function. Deficiencies in key nutrients can negatively affect the skin, hair, and nails,” says Dr Alicia Gonzalez-Fernandez, NHS GP and aesthetic doctor.

However, the “eat your skincare” trend reframes skincare into a lifestyle, and I can see why it has taken off in the way it has. In an era where wellness is as much an identity as it is a practice, “eating your skincare” feels like a cleaner, more active, more optimised way to take charge of your skin than simply applying a serum.

The science behind oral skincare

Of course, this is not to completely dismiss the trend and, importantly, the idea behind it. “Oral skincare—targeted supplementation designed to support skin health—can complement a nutrient-rich diet," says Lorraine Perretta, Head of Nutrition at Advanced Nutrition Programme. "Clinical research shows that certain nutrients, including vitamin C, carotenoids, and specific polyphenols, can contribute to skin structure and protection when taken orally. The key is consistency and synergy: nourishing the skin both topically and systemically.”

We can’t dispute the science. Sardines are rich in omega-3s, which are known to have anti-inflammatory effects that support hydration and even acne. Carrot juice has beta-carotene, which the body converts into vitamin A (otherwise known as retinoids like retinol). But is that the same as applying your skincare topically? Can you get the same effects?

“In practice, the science is more nuanced than the trend suggests. While nutrition can meaningfully support skin function, it cannot replicate the targeted biochemical action of topical actives,” explains Nicola Bradshaw, Medical Herbalist and Nutritionist.

This is where the trend becomes a little murky. The language of skincare—retinol, collagen, hydration—has been borrowed and used in many ways to control what we eat, but the mechanisms are not as easily interchangeable. Drinking carrot juice is not the same as applying retinol; eating vitamin C is not the same as using a serum designed to penetrate the skin barrier. They work differently.

“Topical skincare works directly on the skin’s surface and within its upper layers. In contrast, diet and oral skincare support the underlying biological processes from deep within the skin to maintain skin health from the inside, and additionally support skin over the entire body and not just where creams are applied topically,” explains Perretta. “The skin is a two-sided organ. Treating it both from the inside and the outside achieves 100% skincare. Diet and topical skincare serve complementary but fundamentally different roles.”

The confusion isn’t accidental; it’s part of a broader wellness economy that thrives on blurring those lines and getting us hooked on a cycle of self-optimisation under the guise of wellness. The fact is, “you can’t “eat” your way to the same effect as a targeted topical active. And equally, you can’t out-product a body that isn’t supported internally” says Sepel.

The importance of topical ingredients

Sadly, not as delicious as a carrot, ginger and apple juice, topical products still have a role in our skincare routine. I can’t lie, I’ve been enjoying the process of getting out my Ninja blender and having juice in the morning. I definitely feel good; changes in my skin—that’s still undetermined. It’s the ritual aspect that has supercharged this trend, combined with the fact that we’re always looking for the next big “quick” fix. But the irony is, it’s all about the long game when it comes to eating your skincare. “Diet alone is not enough to maintain skin health. Skin health is influenced more strongly by sun exposure, genetics, hormones, and skincare habits. The most effective approach is synergy” adds Dr Gonzalez-Fernandez.

While it all seems relatively healthy, taking “medical” advice from social media should be approached with caution. According to the National Centre for Complementary and Integrative Health, about 79 per cent of internet users look for health tips on social media, which is absolutely frightening. Our feeds are rife with non-expert “experts” dishing out medical advice, often with the confidence of authority but without the education and training to back it up. And while encouraging more carrot juice, carrot salad, and sardines may seem healthy on the surface, humans need variety. Too much of one thing is never a good thing.

Call me a sceptic, social media trends are never what they seem. All the doctors I've spoken to have said the same thing: don't use social media as your primary source of medical advice.

So, the main takeaway: eating your way to better skin is a good idea, but it’s not a substitute for topical skincare. Most importantly, eating healthier — with your skin in mind — and maintaining a consistent skincare routine can work together, and you could even supercharge your results. That’s not hype, it’s just science.

The nutrients we consume support skin structure at a systemic level, influencing collagen production, immune defence, and cell turnover, while topical skincare acts locally, helping to hydrate, protect, and reduce irritation on the surface. It’s not either/or. Sepel advice, “build the foundation first. Then layer with intention. That’s where the real shift happens… not just in how your skin looks, but in how it functions.”

The retinoid skincare game doesn’t come with clear instructions. First, there are the myriad types of retinoid—retinol, retinal, retinol esters, retinaldehyde. Then come the concentrations and percentages to contend with. And yet, if you can master the rules, you stand to win big. Retinoids remain one of the most rewarding ingredients you can add to your routine, clinically proven to boost cell turnover, soften wrinkles and stimulate collagen production for smoother, more radiant skin.

It’s just as well, then, that beauty brands are finally meeting the call for more straightforward, accessible retinoid skincare. The INKEY List is leading the charge with its Starter Retinol Serum, which is—quite literally—a great place to begin if you’re new to retinoids. And while the beauty of this product is that its name tells you everything you need to know (“start here”), it would be remiss of me not to acknowledge its credentials. The formula relies on a clever encapsulated Dual Retinoid Complex—a slow-release fusion of retinoids and antioxidants—alongside a low percentage (0.01%) of retinal to smooth fine lines, even tone and refine texture without triggering irritation. A hydrating lipid complex supports the skin barrier, too. But don’t let the science put you off. What matters is this: if you’re curious about retinoids, this delivers the results you’ve heard everyone rave about (over 80% saw firmer, more even skin in just two weeks), without the side effects—95% of users reported zero irritation or redness.

“Retinoids strengthen skin, boost renewal and build resilience for your future skin,” says The INKEY List co-founder Colette Laxton. “But just like training a muscle, your skin gets stronger over time when you build habits you can stick to. Starting low and slow with retinol supports long-term results.”

Over the festive season, I fell out of sync with my skincare routine and unintentionally ditched retinol altogether. January felt like the perfect moment to reintroduce it: my skin was out of practice, the weather was cold, and my skin was increasingly dry and sensitive.

First impressions

Like all of The INKEY List’s products, the Starter Retinol comes in the brand’s signature black-and-white packaging, and I immediately appreciated that the label avoided confusing percentages or lab-heavy language altogether. Some might see that as reductive; I see it as staying true to the brand’s promise of no-nonsense, beginner-friendly skincare.

The texture sits somewhere between a serum and a cream—lightweight, quick to absorb and entirely non-greasy. There was no tingling or redness on application, nor when I woke the next morning.

The Verdict

After nearly a full month of use, I’ve been impressed by how completely irritation-free the experience has been, from day one to now. My skin looks noticeably more radiant, with fewer breakouts following a festive season that left it congested and dull. For a beginner retinol, the results feel surprisingly convincing.

Other beginner-friendly retinol serums

Then there’s Medik8’s Crystal Retinal range, which smartly builds clarity into the product name itself. Instead of percentages or chemical shorthand, each serum is numbered by strength—1 being the gentlest, 24 the most potent—making it far easier to navigate retinoid progression without guesswork.

SkinCeuticals also offers a relatively fuss-free retinol system that still feels suitably clinical. It's available in 0.3, 0.5 and 1.0 strengths, which lays out a clear, dermatologist-style pathway that allows skin to build tolerance over time. Each formula pairs pure retinol with soothing bisabolol to help offset irritation, making them a good option for those who’ve struggled with vitamin A in the past. It may not be luxurious or glamorous, but for anyone who values results backed by science, it’s a testament to the fact that when retinoids are used correctly, they remain one of skincare’s most powerful tools.

If you're into skincare, you likely know all about the incredible powers of vitamin A—commonly referred to in the industry as retinoids, retinols and retinals. They are the only scientifically-proven way to reduce the signs of ageing, as they work on a cellular level, increasing cell turnover, stimulating the production of collagen and reducing inflammation. This, by and by, reduces the appearance of fine lines and wrinkles, helps treat and prevent acne, fades dark marks and improves the texture and firmness of skin.

Today, there are hundreds of retinoids on the market, but dermatologists have long crowned tretinoin as the gold standard. This prescription-only product is the fastest-acting and strongest form of retinoid we have today, thanks to the fact that it already comes in the active form of vitamin A. As consultant dermatologist Dr Derrick Phillips explains: "Both retinol and tretinoin are forms of vitamin A, but they work a little differently. Retinol needs to be converted by the skin into Retinaldehyde (Retinal) and then into tretinoin before it becomes active. Tretinoin, on the other hand, is already in its active form, so your skin can use it immediately. That’s why tretinoin is more potent and effective, while retinol tends to be gentler but slower-acting."

Tretinoin was first approved in 1983 in the UK as a treatment for acne—and it is still largely prescribed for this reason—but doctors found that it also produced incredible improvements when it came to skin condition and anti-ageing concerns. Sold? Ahead is our practical guide on how to get your mitts on tretinoin and how to determine if it's right for you.

So you want to get into tretinoin—now what?

"The first port of call if you’re interested in starting tretinoin is to speak with a doctor," Dr Phillips advises. "In the UK, Tretinoin is only available on prescription, which is important because it should be tailored to your skin type and concerns, and monitored to minimise irritation and side effects."

Where can you purchase tretinoin?

If you're looking to be prescribed tretinoin, your healthcare provider or dermatologist will assess your skin concerns to determine if it is a suitable treatment for you. Once prescribed, it can be dispensed through specialist skincare chemists or reputable online pharmacies. Dr Phillips stresses that it is important to avoid unregulated sources, as the quality and safety of the product can’t be guaranteed.

You can also get tretinoin online in the UK by going through prescription skincare brands, which feature the ingredient. If you're going this route, you will likely have to complete a free online consultation with the brand's clinical team and share pictures of your skin—they will then determine if it's a fit for your concerns, and can personalise the strength. See popular providers and prescription services listed below:

• Dermatica prescribes tretinoin at concentrations from 0.015% to 0.1%
• Skin and Me prescribes tretinoin up to 0.03% tretinoin
• Klira prescribes tretinoin, ranging from 0.01% to 0.05% or higher

In practices like Dr Phillips', however, dermatologists often work with a formulating chemist to create bespoke creams and gels at strengths beyond those usually available commercially. This means that treatment can be matched more precisely to an individual’s skin type and concern.

How do you start using tretinoin?

"The best way to start Tretinoin is gently," says the dermatologist. "I usually recommend beginning with the lowest strength, 0.025%, applied just one or two nights per week. As your skin adjusts, you can gradually increase the frequency. If your doctor works with a formulating chemist, they may be able to create a more bespoke concentration tailored to your skin type and concern. Always moisturise afterwards to minimise irritation, and avoid layering Tretinoin with acids or other harsh exfoliants. It should only be used at night, as sunlight breaks it down and makes it less effective."

What can you expect after using tretinoin?

Dr Phillips explains: "One day after starting Tretinoin, you are unlikely to see any visible changes, although your skin may feel a little dry or tight. After a week, mild redness, peeling or dryness is common as your skin begins to adjust. By one month, most people start to tolerate Tretinoin better and may notice a fresher, smoother texture and a subtle brightness. With consistent use over a year, the benefits become clear: fine lines soften, pigmentation evens out, and the skin looks healthier overall."

Pregnancy is a kaleidoscope of emotions—exhilarating, nerve-wracking, joyful, and overwhelming, often all at once. It’s also a time when information comes thick and fast: blood tests, birth plans, food dos and don’ts and even the all-important pram purchase requires weeks of research.

When it comes to beauty, unfortunately, things aren’t much easier. Skincare can feel confusing enough on a good day, but pregnancy adds another layer of “rules”, from the ingredients no-nos to the salon treatments you might normally book without a second thought, but are now forbidden. To help cut through the noise, we’ve consulted the experts to break down what’s safe, what your should skip, and what’s worth swapping in for the next nine months (and beyond).

Pregnancy Skincare: Ingredients to Avoid

Pregnancy can bring on an array of skin symptoms, from melasma to increased sensitivity to acne, and it can be tempting to reach for skincare full of targeted active ingredients to treat them. However, there are certain ingredients that must be avoided during pregnancy, as well as some that probably should be paused to be on the safe side.

“There’s a lot of conflicting advice, so it’s no wonder you hear mixed messages," says Dr Chloe Pétrault, aesthetic doctor and women’s wellness specialist at ALTA Medispa. "A lot of the caution comes from a ‘better safe than sorry’ approach, but it’s worth checking each ingredient and treatment individually rather than assuming all are off-limits.”

Retinoids

All forms of retinoids should be avoided during pregnancy due to suggestive evidence that excessive amounts within the body can lead to birth defects. "Retinol itself, retinaldehyde and retinoic acid are related to the potential risk of teratogenicity [the potential of a substance to cause developmental abnormalities in a fetus] during the pregnancy," explains Dr Tiina Meder, dermatologist and founder of Meder Beauty. "So all official guidelines, including NHS guidelines, strictly say it's not recommended."

It's worth noting that, as with many warnings surrounding pregnancy, that there have not been any clinical trials done on pregnant people to prove this point as doing so would be unethical. The advice is based around observational data and animal studies, but conclusively proves that there is a link between the use of systemic isotretinoin (a prescription only, oral retinoid, which is often prescribed to treat severe acne under the brand name Roaccutane) and birth defects.

This evidence is strong enough that official guidance advises avoiding all retinoids during pregnancy—whether oral or topical—including topical tretinoin, retinol, retinal and retinoic acid.

Hydroquinone

Although strictly prohibited and banned from cosmetic use, hydroquinone still turns up in some skin-lightening creams, often sold illegally in market stalls or independent shops.

"“Hydroquinone is banned in the UK, EU, Canada and even the US, but it still occasionally appears in imported products from overseas," warns Dr Meder. "It’s a forbidden substance in cosmetics, yet you can sometimes find it in certain American or Asian skincare formulas.”

Unlike other skincare actives, hydroquinone has a high absorption level (up to 45%), which has raised concerns about systemic effects and long term use. It's a possible carcinogen (meaning it could increase the risk of cancer), and is an extremely potent melanin inhibitor. While there have been no studies on pregnant people, its potential for systemic side effects and unknown risks means it is best avoided altogether for cosmetic use—pregnant, or not.

Salicylic Acid

Salicylic acid is a staple in many acne and exfoiating products, prized for its ability to regulate sebum production and unclog pores. Again, there is very little definitive data around using it while pregnant, but many experts recommend exercising caution.

"Salicylic acid–based body products should be avoided, especially with daily use," says Dr Meder. "However, a topical facial product, such as a cleanser or peel with 2% salicylic acid used a couple of times a week, is generally considered safe."

Salicylic acid is chemically related to aspirin (acetylsalicylic acid), and, at high doses, some studies suggested that salicylates to can affect blood clotting and circulation, which could cause problems in pregnancy.

Essential oils

It's easy to assume essential oils are safe to use, as they are naturally derived, but some are incredibly potent and should be avoided. "“Aromatherapy oils can be tricky," says Dr Pétrault. "Some are fine, but others (like clary sage) are best avoided early on.”

While there are no controlled studies around clary sage, it is thought to mimic oestrogen and potentially stimulating uterine contractions. While this is used as a labour aid, it raises concerns earlier in pregnancy, when contractions could trigger miscarriage or early labour.

There's also the issue of photosensitivity when it comes to essential oils. "I will not recommend to use essential oils during the pregnancy, and I will not prescribe any specific essential oils," says Dr Meder. "Anything that increases photosensitivity of the skin during the pregnancy increases the risk of hyperpigmentation and melasma."

Time-Out on (Some) Treatments

As well as at-home products, there's also the issue of professional treatments, both in spas and clinics.

"All injectable cosmetic treatments should be avoided, including Botox and dermal fillers," says Dr Meder. "There is no safety data—they've never tested on pregnant people, and it will not be tested. It's better to avoid any unnecessary risks."

Dr Meder also advises against any energy-assisted aesthetic treatments like lasers, and Dr Pétrault warns against chemical peels. The skin can be more sensitive during pregnancy, so the chances of inflammation or irritation could be higher, and there's not enough research to guarantee their safety.

The Grey Areas

While some ingredients and treatments are strictly off-limits, others fall into a grey area—not exactly recommended, but not entirely forbidden either. Tanning is one such grey area. “Fake tan applied to the skin isn’t harmful, but spray tans are better skipped during pregnancy because you might inhale particles,” says Dr Pétrault.

Then there's hair colouring. "Most agree it’s fine after the first trimester if the space is well-ventilated," says Dr Pétrault, "but some women choose to wait as a precaution.”

As for nail treatments, Dr Meder assures certain types are completely safe. "Nail polish, manicures, pedicures performed in well ventilated spaces—they are completely safe during pregnancy. The only thing I probably would not recommend is acrylic nails, because it involves using a very strong solvent, and it can be harmful if you inhale it.”

The other big question mark is around SPF. Many people worry about the absorption of chemical UV filters, namely oxybenzone, which has been shown to enter the bloodstream and even breast milk in animal studies. However, there is no definitive data and the NHS doesn't warn against chemical SPFs, although many dermatologists recommend mineral (physical) sunscreens with zinc oxide or titanium dioxide instead, because they sit on the skin’s surface without being absorbed.

What's Actually Safe

Dr Meder believes that when it comes to pregnancy skincare, simplicity is key. "During pregnancy it’s better to avoid unnecessary products. I always advise my patients to use a basic skincare routine based around hydration, gentle cleansing, and good sun protection."

“Pregnancy is the perfect time to focus on gentle, nourishing skincare," adds Dr Pétrault. "Swap any strong actives for hydrating serums, vitamin C, hyaluronic acid, and barrier-repairing creams. You might also find your hair and nails grow faster—so embrace treatments that make you feel good, like pregnancy safe facials and wellness rituals."

As if we needed any more convincing...

As a skincare enthusiast, I'm always keeping my ear close to the ground when it comes to innovative new ingredients. And the latest I've been hearing buzz around? Bakuchiol salicylate, which claims to offer the combined benefits of Retinol-alternative bakuchiol with exfoliant salicylic acid.

So how exactly does this work, and why should you care? Here are the essential need-to-knows about this hot upcoming molecule.

What is bakuchiol salicylate and how does it differ from retinoids and exfoliants?

This exciting new molecule is currently still in its infancy in terms of research and studies that explore key benefits and results, but it's quickly garnering attention amongst skin experts for its potential unique properties.

"Bakuchiol salicylate, also known as bakusylan, combines bakuchiol’s collagen-boosting, antioxidant, retinoid-like benefits with the gentle exfoliation and anti-inflammatory properties of salicylates," explains Consultant Dermatologist Dr Sidra Khan.

Its appeal mostly lies in its convenience to achieve more with less, she notes: "Typically, retinol and salicylic acid are advised to be used on different days, especially for those with sensitive or dry skin, to minimise irritation. This molecule offers a more streamlined, barrier-friendly option by delivering both actions in one step. It’s an appealing alternative for those seeking multi-functional, gentler actives, aligning with the growing interest in 'skinimalism' and mindful consumption."

Bakuchiol salicylate also reflects notable shifts within skincare, says Dr Kemi Fabusiwa, NHS Doctor and Skin Expert. "We’re entering a new era of smart actives—ingredients that offer clinical results without compromising the skin barrier," she explains. The ingredient "fits into this new skin-first, barrier-conscious mindset that’s gaining serious traction."

How could it benefit skin?

As mentioned, the key draw of this upcoming ingredient is the fact that it combines retinol-like effects (just like Bakuchiol) with the benefits of exfoliants similar to AHAs and BHAs, but is generally more tolerable. "Retinols work by stimulating cell turnover and collagen production. AHAs and BHAs focus on exfoliating the skin, AHAs on the surface, BHAs deeper in the pores," explains Dr Fabusiwa. "Bakuchiol salicylate offers a milder version of both effects, which makes it a great option for people who want results but can’t tolerate traditional actives. It’s less aggressive, but still effective."

This means that, really, the results could be pretty wide-reaching for a number of skin types. The ingredient could offer "several potential benefits by combining the collagen-boosting and antioxidant properties of bakuchiol with the gentle exfoliation and anti-inflammatory effects of salicylates," says Dr Khan. This, she says, means that the molecule has been designed to "improve skin texture, firmness, and tone."

As mentioned, the ingredient is still largely in its infancy in terms of cited results, but as Dr Khan points out, "research suggests bakusylan enhances skin permeation, stimulates type IV collagen gene expression, and supports the dermal-epidermal junction, making it a promising option for addressing fine lines and uneven texture, whilst maintaining skin barrier integrity."

Are there any downsides or side effects to the ingredient?

The first, of course, is that in many ways it's an unknown quantity, as it's still a new addition to the skincare industry. "We do need more robust, real-world and long-term safety data to fully understand its efficacy and tolerability across diverse skin types and tones," explains Dr Khan, who also mentions that those who do try it may experience very gradual results due to it being far gentler than retinol and AHAs/BHAs. "Whilst the initial data is promising, larger independent studies are still needed to fully validate its efficacy, tolerability, and long-term safety," she adds.

Dr Fabusiwa also warns that while it should be generally well tolerated by the skin, it's recommended not to layer it with retinoids or exfoliants to protect the skin barrier. Those with compromised skin barriers may want to focus on gentle, nourishing ingredients first, before trying something like this.

How should you use it in your routine?

Bakuchiol salicylate is not available in the mainstream skincare market yet due to its infancy. However, when it does become more widely offered, Dr Fabusiwa suggests treating it like a light active.

"Use it in the PM after cleansing and before moisturiser, two to three times a week to start," she recommends. "Avoid layering with other strong actives (like glycolic acid or retinol) on the same night. And always wear SPF the next morning: actives or not, it’s non-negotiable."

Watch this space...

In the meantime, you can try bakuchiol and salicylic acid separately to see how your skin takes to the ingredients: do not layer these in the same routine, but alternate each night and introduce slowly (two to three times a week at first) to begin with.

I am meticulous with my daily skincare routine—years of acne will do that to a person. However, my most toxic trait is how badly I let it slip when I go on holiday. Plenty of us find that the sun works wonders at clearing up spots, and my almost total lack of base makeup when abroad always tricks me into thinking I don't need to be as stringent with my serums. Yet, every time I return home with bouts of new breakouts and dryness. That's why my new discovery of the Dr Sam's Radiance Kit feels like a godsend.

My adoration for Dr Sam's skincare is no secret; it has worked wonders at keeping my blemish-prone skin clear, whilst also boosting brightness, hydration, and protecting from environmental aggressors. In fact, I would probably claim the Nightly Serum as my one and only desert island beauty product. Yes, it really is that good.

But for the aforementioned reasons, I typically neglect to pack it in my carry-on. I tell myself my skin can be without retinol for a week, even though I know very well by now that my acne waits for no one. And even if I manage to keep it clear for the duration of my holiday, the spots come back in full force when I land back in London.

It's not just the serum that I need on hand, it's really my full (and very carefully curated) routine. Unsurprisingly, a lot of it is padded out by Dr Sam's, so discovering the brand makes a very affordable minis kit solved my travel skin woes in an instant.

If you're similarly on the hunt for some hard-working, travel-friendly skincare pack alongside your best perfume minis, look no further.

Yes, there are plenty of travel minis on the market, but there are very good reasons why this is the collection I swear by. I first tried out Dr Sam's about six months ago, and I really mean it when I say that it has kept my skin the clearest it has been since childhood. I had terrible acne from the age of 13 to my early 20s, until a dose of Accutane cleared it up, so I know a thing or two about skincare for blemish-prone skin.

This simple kit contains each of my Dr Sam's favourites in one, all of which are suitable for every skin type, but will work wonders for breakouts. My favourite thing about this brand is how simple every product is; they do exactly what they say on the tin. Allow me to briefly talk you through each one and why it's worth the investment.

The Radiance Kit: My Review

The Flawless Cleanser gives me the most thorough cleanse without any stripping; my skin never feels tight or dry afterwards, which it does with plenty of other face washes, and it's non-comedogenic and fragrance-free. The Moisturiser is the ideal follow up hydrating and nourishing cream that is neither thick nor greasy, so it's perfect after a day in the sun.

I have previously ranked the Daily Sunscreen as one of the best facial sunscreens on the market, as it's lightweight and comfortable on the skin, perfect for wearing under makeup, and provides ample coverage for the summer months (essential in a holiday kit). Once again, it doesn't clog or irritate my skin.

The Brightly Serum has a fairly thick cream consistency that sinks in quickly, and it's a true daytime all-rounder. It evens out skin-tone, calms bumps, and clears pores with the mix of Azelaic Acid, Niacinamide, Vitamin C and Bakuchiol. I apply first thing and let it fully sink in before following up with SPF, and I find that it keeps my skin in check through sweaty and sunny days.

And the star of the show, my beloved Nightly Serum, is the main thing I now can't ever go on holiday without. It contains Niacinamide, Granactive Retinoid®, Azelaic Acid, and Bakuchiol, so it resurfaces skin texture, clears pores, and calms blemishes without the dreaded 'purge' or irritation that can come with other retinoids. I use it every other night at home without fail, so having it in a handy little tube to take on the plane is a lifesaver.

I can spend hours debating which skincare products to pack on holiday with me, weighing up every scenario that might call for something different. But this affordable kit has absolutely everything covered—I can pop it in my wash bag and call it a day.

Whether you want a one-and-done skincare set you can take travelling anywhere, or you just want to try out smaller versions of these products before investing in the full size, it's a no-brainer investment if you also struggle with holiday skin.

For years, retinol has carried a certain seasonal stigma––as soon as the first heatwave hits, it’s exiled from skincare shelfies nationwide under the belief that you shouldn't use retinol during summer. “It’ll damage your skin,” friends will warn you. “You’ll burn more easily,” you’ll hear on TikTok. But much like many other beauty myths, the idea that retinol is incompatible with sunshine is a misinformed fable that needs to be put to rights.

In reality, retinol is a perennial skincare hero, able to boost skin cell turnover, promote radiance and reduce wrinkles come rain or shine. In fact, many dermatologists and skincare experts advocate that it’s even more important to use retinol during the summer months due to its unparalleled ability to repair and renew the skin.

Here, we’ve checked in with top dermatologists to find out where this misconception might have come from, as well as how to use retinol during summer to achieve your best glow yet…

How does the sun cause skin damage?

Before we delve into the merits of retinol and how it helps to counteract sun damage, we need to understand exactly how that damage occurs and what happens to our skin when it’s exposed to the sun.

The sun emits UV rays, mainly UVA and UVB. UVA rays penetrate deep down into the skin’s dermis (the thickest layer), generating free radicals, which cause oxidative stress and breakdown collagen and elastic. The result? Premature ageing in the form of pigmentation, loss of firmness and increased fine lines and wrinkles. UVB rays, on the other hand, predominantly affect the epidermis, the outermost layer of the skin, causing direct DNA damage and visible burning.

How does retinol help to repair the skin?

Retinol, a derivative of Vitamin A and part of the retinoid family, is revered for its ability to renew the skin and boost collagen production.

“Retinol accelerates skin cell turnover, helping to shed the damaged cells, and bring new healthy cells to the surface,” explains Dr Derrick Phillips, consultant dermatologist. “It also inhibits the enzymes in the skin that can cause the formation of dark spots, and over time, this can help to fade hyperpigmentation.”

Should you use retinol during summer?

If your skin tolerates retinol well, there’s no need to stop during the summer months. “Contrary to a widespread misconception, retinoids do not inherently increase your sensitivity to the sun,” explains Dr Dev Patel, Renowned Skin Doctor and Founder of CellDerma. “In fact, they have been shown to be photo-protective. The misconception likely stems from the fact that if someone experiences retinoid dermatitis (a weakened skin barrier), their skin becomes more vulnerable to UV radiation. However, retinoids themselves actually protect the skin by minimising collagen breakdown from UV exposure and promoting new collagen production.”

Dr Phillips agrees: “With diligent application of a broad-spectrum SPF50 during the day, retinol can safely be incorporated into your routine throughout the year. Retinol should also be applied at night to avoid breakdown by UV rays.”

To add to the confusion, there’s also the fact that retinol is photolabile, meaning it is broken down by sunlight and will therefore become less effective. This is why it’s always recommended that you apply retinol in the evening (as well as to compliment your skin’s natural night-time repair processes). However, this has often been misinterpreted as phototoxic, and people believe that retinol would become harmful to us when it was exposed to the sun (it doesn’t).

How should you use retinol during summer?

The best way to use retinol is consistently. If you’re new to retinol, start low and slow (a low concentration gradually incorporated into your routine). Always apply before bed to clean skin, and follow with a broad-spectrum, high SPF sunscreen in the morning.

“It’s vital to keep your skin hydrated,” says Dr Phillips. “I always recommend testing your skin’s tolerance to retinol, starting with a few applications a week and gradually increasing the frequency as your skin builds up its tolerance.”

If you find your skin is a little sensitised, add in a moisturiser or serum that’s rich in barrier-boosting ingredients like ceramides as well as hydrators, including hyaluronic acid. But whatever you do, don't skip the SPF––or the retinol.

Before I started using prescription retinols, I really struggled to find an over-the-counter formula that my skin both tolerated and reaped the rewards from. One I continuously returned to however, was Sunday Riley's Luna Sleeping Oil.

The product – beloved by beauty editors all over – is one of Sunday Riley's most iconic buys, and for good reason. The retinol not only targets everything from redness, skin stress and fine lines and wrinkles, it also comes in a gorgeously soothing oil formula with anti-inflammatory ingredients packed in there. This ensures skin will tolerate the retinol well and thrive.

I can certainly attest to this, with Luna being my go-to favourite from the Sunday Riley range. I remember first using it (I think it was my introduction to the brand, along with Good Genes) and falling in love instantly. While most retinol products are a bit of a chore to use, this one is a pleasure.

Want to know more about why this famed oil is such a bestseller? Keep reading.

Sunday Riley Luna Sleeping Night Oil: the ingredients list

One of the biggest pulls of Sunday Riley's bestseller is its ingredients list. It's best known for being a vitamin A, and I'd argue it's one of the best over-the-counter solutions for that gold standard ingredient (known to treat fine lines and acne). But as well as retinoids (including the Trans-Retinoic Acid Ester Complex within), the oil also includes a brilliant line-up of skincare favourites to sweeten the deal.

For example, there's blue tansy - not only is this the reason the oil's blue (fun) but it's also know for being anti-inflammatory, anti-viral, anti-bacterial and anti-fungal. There's German chamomile, which helps the skin to repair, soothes irritation and calms redness. Then there's avocado seed oil, which is rich in vitamins that work to reduce signs of ageing, plump skin and amplify luminosity. Really, could you ask for more?

Using the Luna oil & results

As a retinol product, Luna should always be used at night. This is because retinoids increase sun sensitivity, making it essential to use them in the PM and to always remember your SPF usage the following morning.

As it's an oil, I'd recommend using this as your last step prior to night cream. This means it comes after cleansing your face and applying any toners or serums, and before a moisturiser to lock everything in. Just to caveat this: as you are using a retinoid here, be sure to avoid any other actives (such as AHAs or BHAs) in the rest of your nighttime routine on the same day. You don't want to overload skin or disrupt the all-important moisture barrier that protects it.

The best application technique here is to apply a few drops into the palms of your hands and press them together to warm up the product and evenly distribute across the face. Stay well clear of eyes, but don't forget the neck area.

Perhaps the biggest reason why I love this oil so much is because it's one of those products that makes doing your skincare routine feel enjoyable – and dare I say, a little luxurious. This is largely due to the texture of the oil, which feels so silky smooth on skin and is why I always return to it if I'm not using my prescription retinol or am taking a break. It helps to maintain the results of my stronger retinol (such as clearer and more youthful-looking skin) but in a way my skin tolerates much more easily. I also always notice the hydration; unlike many retinols, this really works to keep skin feeling soft and plump.

For these reasons, I'd recommend this as a go-to retinol for beginners or those looking to dial down a little.

While there are hundreds of skincare ingredients to be found in the best moisturisers, serums and cleansers, the ones that skincare experts genuinely rate tend to be few and far between. Typically, when speaking to dermatologists for work, it’s retinol, vitamin C and SPF that are recommended time and time again for an efficacious skincare routine, but there’s another lesser-known ingredient that’s currently rising in popularity—tretinoin.

Neither a groundbreaking new discovery or a viral fad with no science behind it, tretinoin was actually approved for medical use in 1962, and is one of the most commonly prescribed ingredients in western dermatology. However, thanks to some pretty impressive before-and-after content doing the rounds on TikTok this year, Google searches for tretinoin have doubled in 2024 and it seems that everyone wants to get in on the action.

And it’s no wonder. Tackling everything from breakouts to wrinkles, experts consider tretinoin to be something of a gold-standard ingredient in skincare—but while it’s undeniably effective, it isn’t without potential side effects. Plus, and potentially most importantly, unlike some of the aforementioned popular skincare ingredients, it's only available with a prescription - not over the counter.

Ahead, I caught up with Dr Rakesh Anand, a leading consultant dermatologist, to find out everything you need to know about tretinoin—from what exactly it does to your skin to how you can get it.

What is tretinoin?

“Tretinoin is a potent retinoid that’s essentially a derivative of vitamin A,” says Dr Anand. The difference between it and retinol, another retinoid, is that retinol is a natural derivative of vitamin A whereas tretinoin has been created synthetically. “It works by accelerating cell turnover, which helps shed dead skin cells, unclog pores, and stimulate collagen production.” Both its potency and efficacy mean that tretinoin is what Dr Anand would consider a “powerhouse ingredient” and experts recommend it specifically for tackling things like acne, sun damage, and more general signs of ageing. A versatile ingredient to say the least.

Who is tretinoin best suited to?

For a long time, if you’d heard of tretinoin at all it was likely to be for its acne-busting benefits. And it’s no surprise—when it was first developed in the 1960s the aim of its creation was to be used as an acne treatment. As such, tretinoin continues to be a really effective ingredient for people with acne-prone skin. However, Dr Anand suggests that it’s also particularly effective for people with ageing skin or discolouration. “Tretinoin is actually really effective for smoothing fine lines, reducing pigmentation, and improving skin texture,” Dr Anand explains.

And as for your skin type? “It is often best suited for those with oily or combination skin as it can sometimes cause dryness or irritation, especially in sensitive skin.” says Dr Anand. “However, with the right formulation and a gradual introduction, even those with dry or sensitive skin may be able to incorporate tretinoin into their routine.”

What are the side effects of using tretinoin?

If you’ve ever had a bad reaction from overusing a retinol serum then you’ll be well aware of the risks of incorporating retinoids into your skincare routine. Irritation, redness, dehydration and peeling are all some of the more unwanted side effects of using a retinoid that’s either too strong for your skin or has been introduced too quickly— often referred to as the retinol purge. Tretinoin carries the same risks. However, Dr Anand is keen to dispel any bad myths about using it.

“Tretinoin is generally safe when used correctly, but for those who are new to retinoids it’s best to start with a lower strength, apply it only a few nights a week and use a good moisturiser to minimise potential irritation,” Dr Anand advises. And if you’re pregnant or breastfeeding then tretinoin, and vitamin A derivatives in general, should be avoided entirely.

How do you get tretinoin in the UK?

Unlike your salicylic acid toners or anti-ageing serums, you can’t just stroll into your local Boots and pick up some tretinoin to start using. In the UK, tretinoin is only available on prescription, which means you’ll need to make an appointment with your GP or a dermatologist to get it. “They can assess your skin type and skincare concerns and recommend the most appropriate formulation and strength,” explains Dr Anand.

Things are changing though, and the rising popularity of personalised skincare services like And Begin and Dermatica mean that tretinoin is becoming a more accessible skincare ingredient. While you’ll still need to complete an online consultation and provide photos of your skin, it’s a lot more affordable than seeing a private dermatologist and none of the wait times involved with an NHS referral. A dedicated team of experts will review your concerns and send out a personalised prescriptive treatment, formulated with tretinoin if deemed suitable, and send it directly to your home. However, Dr Anand does stress the importance of seeing a specialist to discuss your skin concerns in person if possible.

Are there any over-the-counter alternatives to tretinoin?

I’m not in support of trying to dupe the results of a scientifically-proven skincare ingredient, but I was undeniably interested to know whether Dr Anand thought that there were any alternative ingredients to tretinoin that might provide similar results without the need for a prescription. No surprises that retinol was his first recommendation. “Over-the-counter retinol is milder than tretinoin but it still encourages cell turnover and can improve fine lines and acne over time,” Dr Anand explains.

If you have more sensitive skin then bakuchiol is another great alternative. “It's a plant-based compound with retinol-like effects but is generally gentler and less likely to cause irritation,” Dr Anand says. And niacinamide, a form of vitamin B3, tackles some of the same skincare concerns as tretinoin and makes a worthy addition to any skincare routine. “It’s effective at improving skin texture, reducing redness, and controlling oil production, making it a versatile choice for those with acne or pigmentation concerns."

If you’re at all interested in skincare, I’d venture you have at least some awareness of the benefits of retinoids. Nearly every skincare expert I speak to recommends using one of the best retinol serums as part of a hardworking skincare routine. But as a skincare category, this encompasses several different types of vitamin A product which are getting more attention in light of the new EU retinol regulation.

Retinol is famous for its ability to target visible signs of ageing, such as fine lines and wrinkles, and help acne-prone skin. Beyond retinol serums, other derivatives used in skincare include retinaldehyde (retinal) and esters like retinyl palmitate. But even if you understand the benefits of using a retinoid, you may not be as confident in choosing the type that will be most suited to and effective for your skin – which is why I asked two experts to break down the key retinoids used in skincare and, crucially, how they differ.

Without getting too scientific, I’ve compiled this overview of what each one does to help you choose the right one for your skin. It’s by no means an exhaustive guide (this is an online article not a dossier, after all), but it should give you a good starting point for understanding the most widely-available retinoids.

Let’s get stuck in…

Why are conversion steps important aspect of retinoids? 

Before we go into some of the key players on the retinoid scene, one thing that sets them apart is the number of "steps" they have to undergo once applied topically to your skin to convert into retinoic acid, which is the form it needs to be in to actually get results.

“A retinoid that requires fewer conversion steps to become retinoic acid generally provides faster and more potent results but can also cause more irritation,” explains Dr Derrick Phillips, consultant dermatologist at OneWelbeck. “This is where formulation is extremely important. However, retinoids that need more conversion steps are typically gentler on the skin, making them more suitable for those with sensitive skin despite potentially slower results.”

A guide to the key retinoids, AKA vitamin A products

1. Retinol esters

“Retinol esters are best for beginners and those with sensitive skin for example,” says Dr Phillips. “Retinyl palmitate is very gentle with minimal irritation. They convert slowly to retinoic acid, offering subtle improvements in skin texture and tone over time.”

Though the results of a retinyl ester won’t be as dramatic or quickly achieved as a more potent retinoid but, as Dr Phillips notes, the plus side is that they tend to better suit sensitive complexions.

Number of conversion steps: 3

2. Retinol

Though retinoids have long been used in skincare, this is arguably the form of vitamin A that really put them on the map, mass market speaking. “Retinol is suitable for intermediate users aiming to improve fine lines and overall skin texture, as it offers a balance between efficacy and tolerability,” says Dr Phillips. “It provides noticeable improvements in smoothness and reduction of fine lines, with mild to moderate potential for irritation."

Number of conversion steps: 2

3. Retinal

Retinal – short for retinaldehyde – is a growing presence in the skincare market. Going back to those all-important conversion steps, retinol first converts to retinal before retinoic acid. Therefore, retinal is one step along the chain, if you like. “Retinal is ideal for those seeking faster results than retinol as it converts more quickly to retinoic acid,” confirms Dr Phillips. “It offers improved skin texture and reduced pigmentation within a shorter period, but may cause more irritation than retinol.”

Daniel Isaacs, chief product officer at Medik8, notes that it is 11 times faster than standard retinol. “It enhances skin cell turnover and collagen synthesis and it is the only antibacterial form of vitamin A, which means it is great for blemish-prone skin,” he adds.

Number of conversion steps: 1

4. Hydroxypinacolone retinoate

Hydroxypinacolonate retinoate, also commonly known as granactive retinoid, works differently to the other retinoids we've covered so far. An ester of retinoic acid, it's thought to bind to the retinoic receptors in our skin without conversion. Isaacs notes that there is currently less data behind it than with other retinoids, but that is still a "promising molecule".

"[It] provides potent retinoid action without causing extensive irritation, making it suitable for people with sensitive skin," Dr Phillips adds. "You can expect visible improvements in fine lines and pigmentation with low irritation risk.”

Number of conversion steps: 0

5. Tretinoin

You won’t find a skincare product on a department store counter or high street shelf, because this is a prescription-only product. Tretinoin is very powerful because it is retinoic acid. “[It] is a prescription medication and should only be used under the supervision of your doctor or a dermatologist,” says Dr Phillips. “It is the most potent retinoid and is suitable for those with acne, or significant photoageing.”

Because it’s so potent, there is a high likelihood of sensitivity and peeling, particularly when you first start using it. “It delivers a reduction in pimples, and marked improvements in wrinkles and skin texture within 12 weeks, however, there is a high potential for irritation and it should be gradually introduced to the skincare routine,” Dr Phillips confirms.

Number of conversion steps: 0 (already retinoic acid)

Will a stronger retinoid get me better results? 

It’s important to remember that retinoid use requires starting slowly and building up to higher concentrations—don’t be tempted to start with the highest concentration product from a particular range if you are very new to vitamin A use. “While higher concentrations, such as those found in prescription-strength tretinoin, can accelerate improvements in fine lines, wrinkles, and acne, they also increase the risk of irritation, redness, and peeling, which can compromise skin health and deter consistent use,” Isaacs notes.

How well the skin tolerates any retinoid varies massively depending on your unique skin type, another reason why it’s crucial to introduce a new one gradually. “The key to getting the best result from your retinoid cream is consistency,” Dr Phillips stresses. “Using a higher concentration retinoid does not always guarantee a ‘better’ result, as it may affect your ability to tolerate the product due to redness, irritation and peeling, which in turn may stop you using the product altogether.”

In short, the right product for you is the one that you’ll be able to stick to using. “The ability to tolerate retinoids varies among individuals and starting with a low concentration before gradually building up will avoid irritation as your skin acclimatises to the product,” Dr Phillips continues. “The best results often come from consistent use of an appropriate concentration that balances efficacy with minimal side effects.”

In other words, slow and steady wins the race.

While I tend to take trending beauty products with a pinch of salt, I pride myself on testing and trialling all of them in order to work out which ones live up to the hype. And while every so often a trending tool or cult lipstick turns out to be worth the buzz, I often need a little more convincing when it comes to skincare. Now that I’m in my mid-30s, I’ve definitely noticed some changes in my skin which mean that I’m starting to seek out products that can work a little harder for me. I’ve always dealt with spots—and feel like I’ve got my routine for acne-prone skin down—but these days I’ve noticed that my skin looks less bright, feels less plump, and I’m starting to see the emergence of my first fine lines too.

So, when I noticed that there was a serum being raved about online, with hundreds of 5-star reviews on Amazon, I was intrigued. Especially when I spotted that it was a retinol serum, which is considered to be a gold standard ingredient when it comes to minimising lines and wrinkles, improving skin texture and supporting collagen and elastin production in the skin. The product in question? L'Oréal Paris Pure Retinol Revitalift Laser Night Serum.

In line with the new retinol rules that are coming into play this year which will limit over-the-counter retinol products for the face to a maximum concentration of 0.3%, the L'Oréal Paris Pure Retinol Revitalift Laser Night Serum contains an impressively potent dose of 0.2% pure retinol—the highest concentration that L'Oréal Paris has offered to date. But while the reviews are glowing and the ingredients list looks impressive, does it actually live up to the hype? Keep scrolling for my honest review.

First impressions

The first thing to note about the L'Oréal Paris Pure Retinol Revitalift Laser Night Serum is the price. At first glance, £41 might sound expensive for a high-street skincare product, but hear me out. I have tried my fair share of retinol serums over the years, with one of my favourite products (the Shani Darden Retinol Reform) costing £82 for the same amount of product and with no explicit breakdown of the concentration of pure retinol in the formula. I’ve also tried retinol serums with three-figure price tags and less potency than this one. Of course, stronger doesn’t always mean better, but it is good to know that this offers both affordability and efficacy as a starting point.

How to use it

If you are new to using retinol products then expert advice tends to be the same—start slowly, just once or twice a week, and then build up to more regular use as your skin learns to tolerate the product. I was impressed that there is a clear schedule of use on the L'Oréal Paris Pure Retinol Revitalift Laser Night Serum packaging as many brands are a bit unclear around usage guidelines with their retinol products.

The brand suggests using it for two nights during week one, every other night during week two, and nightly in week three as long as your skin is tolerating it. Plus, most importantly, they state that you should use a minimum of SPF20 the morning after as using retinol increases your skin’s sensitivity to the sun. I’m an SPF50 kind of girl, so I stuck to my usual sunscreen routine on the days following.

The texture

As for the serum itself, I have to say that I love the texture of this product. More of a milky consistency than the gel textures that I tend to gravitate towards for dealing with breakouts, it feels delightfully hydrating on the skin and helped to quench some of the dehydration that I’ve been dealing with. The addition of hyaluronic acid is key here and really helps to combat some of the dryness and irritation that can come with using a strong retinol at first.(Have a look at this guide to retinol purge if you find yourself experiencing any side effects.) I have been truly impressed with how quickly it sinks into the skin, leaving it velvety-smooth, soft and with no hint of sticky residue. The only thing I wasn’t sure about is that the serum has quite a strong, almost floral, scent. It fades quickly once the product has sunk in, but if you aren’t a fan of fragranced products or are particularly sensitive to scent then you may not like this.

The results

I mentioned earlier that I already have a retinol serum that I adore, and I’ve been lucky enough to try some incredible retinol products over the years with really impressive results, so I really wasn’t expecting to be bowled over by this serum. However, I have to admit that this is a really really good retinol serum—and when you take the price into account, I think it’s one of the best I’ve used. After a couple of weeks of regular use I definitely think my skin looks brighter, fresher and more even in tone. My face looks a whole lot healthier than it did before I started using it.

I do think that the texture and the concentration of retinol means that it is probably best suited to slightly more mature skin than mine—or those that are starting to pick up on more deep-set wrinkles and a more noticeable loss of elasticity—and I can’t really say that I’ve noticed a huge change in the fluttering of fine lines around my eyes just yet. However, I would continue using it thanks to how soft my skin feels and how much more luminous it looks when I wake up in the morning.

It comes with the job that I get asked a lot of questions about skincare, things like "What's the best face serum?" or "Should I double cleanse?" But there’s one ingredient in particular that people always want to pick my brains about—retinol. Despite basically every dermatologist and skincare expert that I’ve ever spoken to touting it as one of the only ingredients proven to genuinely help refine skin texture and improve collagen production within the skin, friends and family always want to know one thing: is using a retinol really worth it? I get it. Retinol seems to have acquired something of a bad reputation for being irritating and abrasive, so many people feel understandably nervous to introduce it into their skincare routines. In fact, I was one of them.

Having had a particularly bad reaction to a prescribed retinol some years back, I swore off the ingredient entirely for a long time. Throw into the mix that you can’t use retinol at all when you’re pregnant (and I’ve been pregnant twice within the last five years) and it wasn’t until recently that I jumped back on the bandwagon. My reasoning? I’m now 35 and there is no doubt that my skin is changing—it’s drier than it’s ever been in places, losing the plumpness that I’d always taken for granted, and the first flutterings of fine lines are starting to emerge around my eyes and forehead. And while I’m not all that fussed about my skin looking older—it’s a privilege, of course—it’s the dwindling elasticity and loss of firmness that got me wanting to add a retinol serum back into my regular routine.

But before I took the plunge, I wanted to get the full lowdown on what the very best retinol serums are and what exactly makes using one so effective. Ahead, I caught up with Dr Maryam Zamani, oculoplastic surgeon and founder of MZ Skin, and Shabir Daya MRPharm, co-founder of Victoria Health and formulator of DoSe, to break it down.

What is retinol?

In short, retinol is a derivative of vitamin A which is known to have an array of skin benefits. However, Dr Zamani points out that the ingredient itself is pretty misunderstood. “When applied topically in serum form retinol promotes collagen and elastin production, reduces fine lines, and wrinkles, and enhances skin texture and tone. It’s a powerhouse for achieving smoother, youthful-looking skin and one I recommend in my clinic daily,” explains Dr Zamani. “However, people often mistakenly think the potential irritation that retinol can cause to skin may result in thinning skin, which is absolutely. inaccurate. It actually does the opposite—it helps to increase skin density.”

Which skin types would benefit most from using a retinol serum?

While mature skin is touted as the skin type most likely to benefit from using retinol—and understandably so given the ingredients ability to minimise the appearance of fine lines and winkles, improve skin density, and improve skin texture by stimulating collagen production—it’s actually a great ingredient for acne-prone skin too. “Retinols ability to regulate oil production and promote cell turnover makes it a potent tool against acne,” explains Dr Zamani. “It fades hyperpigmentation and reduces acne scars for a more even skin tone, and it also accelerates skin renewal—removing dead cells and unveiling fresher, healthier skin”.

However, if you have sensitive skin then it’s extra important to proceed with extra caution when you’re introducing one of the best retinol serums into your routine. “Retinol can cause adverse reactions such as redness, irritation, and dryness in sensitive skin types when not acclimated,” says Dr Zamani. “I would start with a lower concentration and gradually increase the dosage over time to help protect against potential irritation.”

What’s the difference between retinol, retinoids and other forms of vitamin A?

If you’ve ever had a browse of retinol serums then you might have noticed that the terminology can get quite confusing. Typically you’ll see retinoids, retinol, retinal and retinaldehyde listed in skincare products—but what are the differences?

“They’re all vitamin A derivatives that share similar functions on the skin and are all terms of retinoid,” explains Daya. “Something like trans-retinoid acid, also known as tretinoin, is a prescription-only retinoid used to treat acne and ageing skin and has a direct effect on the skin. All the other over-the-counter retinoids go through a vitamin A pathway and are converted into retinoic acid on the skin to obtain the benefits.” Retinal is actually the exact same ingredient as retinaldehyde—it’s just the shorter version of its name.

Some types are more potent than others, however. “Retinal is just one step away from its conversion to retinoic acid which means it acts quicker than retinol, but can be more irritating. Retinol is converted into retinal and then retinoic acid, so it’s two steps away and can therefore take a little longer to work and might still be irritating depending on the strength used.”

If you have more sensitive skin, Daya recommends looking at an ingredient called granactive retinol. “Due to its molecular structure it’s one of the most bioavailable, non-prescription, next-generation forms of vitamin A,” Daya explains. “It has little to no irritation in a delivery system that protects skin against multiple signs of ageing as well as helping to improve spot-prone skin.”

What to look for when choosing the best retinol serum?

There’s no denying that the shelves are saturated with retinol skincare products, so it can be really hard to know where to start with choosing the best retinol serum for you. However, formula really is key with retinol in order to get the best results. “You want a serum that’s effective, but also gentle on your skin so look for terms like ‘time-release’ or ‘slow-release’ which means the retinol is released gradually, giving your skin time to adjust,” suggests Dr Zamani.

In terms of potency, Dr Zamani suggests starting with a serum that has a low concentration of retinol and using it just once or twice a week. “Slowly increase it as your skin adjusts until you’re using it nightly. This technique will help your skin to build up a tolerance to the active,” Dr Zamani explains. If you do experience any irritation, Dr Zamani suggests either dropping down to less frequent use, trying a serum with a lower concentration of retinol, or “sandwiching” your retinol by applying a moisturiser to your skin first, then the retinol, and then moisturisers again.

And, of course, before we get into our guide to the best retinol serums on the market, there’s one important thing to note: retinol increases your skin’s sensitivity to UV light so always remember to apply SPF 50+ when using one.

The best retinol serums

1. Elizabeth Arden Retinol + HPR Ceramide Capsules Rapid Skin Renewing Serum

These capsules may be small but they really pack a punch when it comes to delivering a gamut of skin-friendly ingredients in one handy dose. Alongside a skin-renewing pure retinol, there is HPR (aka High Performance Retinol) which delivers the sustained release benefits that Dr Zamani mentioned we should look out for. Plus, the formula is packed with ceramides to strengthen your skin barrier and improve moisture levels alongside peptides to firm the skin and support skin health. They’re so gentle that they can be used day and night and they really do leave skin looking glowy and radiant.

2. Medik8 Crystal Retinal 1 Serum

If you’re totally new to the world of retinol serums then Medik8 is a brilliant brand to start with. There are five concentrations in beauty editor favourite, Crystal Retinal range—starting with Retinal 1 which contains 0.01% retinal and building up to Retinal 20 which contains a concentration of 0.2% for more experienced users. This ultra-low dose is perfect for helping sensitive skin to adjust to using a new active with the moisturising texture helping to keep skin soft and hydrated at the same time. The difference between retinal and retinol? Retinal is also a derivative of vitamin A, it just acts even faster to smooth, brighten and firm the skin.

3. Shani Darden Skin Care Retinol Reform

This is the very product that got me back into using retinol serums regularly. Created by celebrity facialist Shani Darden, it has a host of celebrity fans—including the likes of Rosie Huntington-Whiteley and Kim Kardashian—and it truly lives up to the hype. It’s totally free from oils, silicones and fragrances, and has a silky, moisturising texture that never feels drying on the skin. And for oily or spot-prone skin in particular it’s great as it contains anti-inflammatory ingredients like niacinamide and aloe vera and really helps to improve the appearance of blemishes, reduce the frequency of breakouts and minimise scarring left from spots (a real issue that I have from old acne). Thanks to the encapsulated retinol, I have never experienced any irritation when using this and my skin looks so much clearer and brighter when I use it regularly.

4. L’Oreal Paris Revitalift Laser Pure Retinol Deep Anti-Wrinkle Night Serum

Proving that you don’t have to pay more to get a truly potent retinol product, this night serum contains 0.2% retinol which is the highest concentration that L’Oreal Paris has offered to date. With results that have been validated by dermatologists, it does an impressive job at reducing the appearance of wrinkles, smoothing fine lines, and generally improving the clarity of skin tone. And while that means it feels like a natural choice for more mature skin, it’s the way that it softens and boosts radiance that means anyone looking for more plump or luminous skin will reap the benefits of using this.

5. MZ Skin Advanced Retinol Complex Serum

For those over 50 who haven’t used a retinol serum previously, this is one of the most efficacious formulations at improving the overall health of older skin. Not only does it target surface-level concerns like fine lines and wrinkles with a 3% retinoid complex that promotes cell turnover and collagen production, but it also contains 5% bakuchiol and vitamin E to protect the skin from free radicals and give you more plump, juicy and luminous skin. It’s definitely an investment, but it feels so luxurious on the skin and it really works to improve the appearance of the skin and its health long-term.

6. The Ordinary Retinol 1% in Squalane

If you’re looking for an expert-level retinol formula at fraction of the cost of other retinol serums on the market then this one from The Ordinary will not disappoint. Formulated with 1% retinol, it improves skin texture, elasticity and tone while supporting hydration levels with the addition of squalane and jojoba seed oil. If you’re unsure about going straight in at 1% then the brand also offers a 0.2% and 0.5% version of this serum. And while the texture of the serum is not as advanced as some of the others on this list, the fact that you’ll likely use this at night and won’t need to layer makeup on top is definitely worth the compromise considering the affordable price tag.

7. CeraVe Resurfacing Retinol Serum

Although this is marketed as a blemish control serum, and it is great if you get lots of breakouts, I think that the real beauty in this retinol serum lies in its ability to brighten dull skin. Along with the brand’s trademark blend of three essential ceramides, this serum uses encapsulated retinol (to reduce irritation) and liquorice root extract to gently exfoliate congested skin and leave the surface looking bright and renewed. There is also niacinamide to help protect the skin barrier going forwards. If you have hyperpigmentation or dark marks left from old acne then it really does a great job of brightening and evening skin tone.

8. Skin Rocks Retinoid 1

The brainchild of skincare expert Caroline Hirons, Skin Rocks offers a multitude of solutions to various skin concerns—and the Retinoid 1 acts as the perfect springboard from which to start your journey into the best retinol serums. Containing 0.2% hydroxypinacolone retinoate (HPR) enriched with boosting ingredients like bakuchiol and soybean extract, it’s a great starting point if you’re in your 20s and 30s and walking the line between still dealing with hormonal breakouts and congestion but you’re also starting to notice that loss of elasticity and increased texture in your skin. It’s moisturising, smoothing, and really does reduce the appearance of any spots, pigmentation or lines.

9. DoSe by VH Granactive Retinoid 5% Serum

Harnessing one of the more innovative forms of over-the-counter vitamin A, granactive retinoid, this serum is a great option if you're nervous about introducing retinols as it works hard to improve the skin's appearance without causing any irritation. Whether it's signs of ageing, like fine lines and wrinkles, or persistent breakouts and stubborn spots, this serum has a gentle and hydrating creamy texture that smooths the surface of the skin while delivering a healthy dose of hyaluronic acid to keep skin hydrated.

Speak to any dermatologist and you’re likely to hear the same trio of products touted as the recipe to healthy skin: the best vitamin C serum, retinol and a daily facial sunscreen. The term ‘retinol’ is often used to refer to any derivative of the vitamin A spectrum (more on that later), and one product regularly tops the lists of the best retinols: Medik8 Crystal Retinal.

Part of the brand’s derm-approved CSA philosophy (vitamin C, Sunscreen, vitamin A), Crystal Retinal Night Serum is one of several vitamin A-based products that Medik8 sells, and arguably its most famous: it uses an internationally patented delivery system, is clinically proven to deliver noticeable results, and is a favourite with beauty editors—including me.

Aside from its impressive youth-boosting effects on the skin, what makes Crystal Retinal so popular is how gentle it is. Using retinol-type products can often result in a dryness, flaking or increased sensitivity as new skin cells are regenerated and old ones are shed, but Medik8 encapsulates its retinal or (retinaldehyde to use its full name) in a slow-release ‘crystal’ technology, meaning maximum results with minimum risk of irritation. 

Medik8 reports that 97% of testers felt that their skin looked more youthful after using this serum for 12 weeks, with 100% also saying that it felt gentle.

Crystal Retinal is available to buy in five strengths ranging from 1 (containing 0.01% retinaldehyde) to 20 (0.2% retinaldehyde), so there’s something for everyone, from vitamin A newbies up to experienced users. This also means you can steadily increase your dosage for optimal results.

What is retinal?

As mentioned, retinol is often incorrectly used as an overarching term for vitamin A, but retinol and retinal are actually two different deriviatives of the ingredient, explains Dr Anjali Mahto, consultant dermatologist at Self London. “Retinal, also known as retinaldehyde, is a form of vitamin A that sits between retinol and retinoic acid in the vitamin A spectrum. When applied topically, retinal is converted into retinoic acid by enzymes in the skin. Retinoic acid is the active form of vitamin A that affects cellular turnover and collagen production, leading to improved skin texture and reduced wrinkles.”

What you need to know is that you only really see the gold star results of vitamin A on the skin when it's in retinoic acid form. So all vitamin A derivatives - retinol esters, retinol and retinaldehyde - have to convert into retinoic acid. The more steps in that conversion, the less effective it is. 

“Compared to retinol, retinal is considered to be more effective at skin rejuvenation due to its closer proximity to retinoic acid,” she adds. “It requires fewer conversion steps in the skin to become active, which means it can produce results more quickly. However, because of its potency, retinal may also cause more irritation compared to retinol.” 

How should I use retinal?

Because retinal is more potent than retinol, it's important to start with lower concentrations and gradually increase your use to minimise potential irritation—this is what makes Medik8’s ladder system so simple to follow.

Dr Mahto advises doing a patch test before applying any new retinal product, and build up your use gradually, starting with every 2-3 nights before increasing your usage. Apply it to a clean face, avoiding the eye area, and wait a couple of minutes for it to sink in before following with a moisturiser if needed.

“Another important thing to note is that retinal can increase your skin's sensitivity to the sun, so it's crucial to apply a broad spectrum sunscreen with SPF 30 or higher during the day,” she adds. 

“And be patient. Results from retinal products may take several weeks to become noticeable. Consistency is key, so stick to your retinal routine even if you don't see immediate results.”

Medik8 Crystal Retinal review

Now in my mid-30s, I need a retinol/retinal in my skincare routine to not only ward off encroaching fine lines but also keep my pesky hormonal blemishes in check. But I’ve been guilty of overdoing it in the past, applying vitamin A too frequently or at too high a percentage in the hope of quick results, and then ending up with red, bumpy, itchy skin instead.

The first Medik8 vitamin A I ever tried (and loved) was Intelligent Retinol 3TR—an entry level active that gave me clear skin with zero irritation. But its oil texture won’t be for everyone, and as the years have gone on I now need something a little punchier, which is why Crystal Retinal is now my go-to.

I apply this creamy serum every other night, alternating with an exfoliating acid such as Paula’s Choice 6% Mandelic Acid, and then follow with a simple moisturiser—and my skin has never looked better. It manages to keep spots in check while also giving me smoother, plumper, fresher looking skin—and I haven’t had a single tingle of sensitivity.

I’ve used Medik8 Crystal Retinal on and off over the years as I trial other products as part of my job as a beauty editor, but I’m now back on Crystal Retinal 3, where I’ll sit comfortably for a while before considering stepping it up to the higher percentage. I honestly think all skin types would see a difference from using this, and IMO it’s one of the very best retinols—sorry, retinals.

Medik8 Crystal Retinal products

The iconic Crystal Retinal range also comes in an eye cream, with a 3-step ladder approach. Starting at 3, then 6 and finishing at 10.

OK, I didn't just have a baby. I'm not writing this from the delivery room. My youngest  turns one this week. But like every expectant mother, as soon as I saw the positive result on the pregnancy test I made some changes to my skincare routine. The thing with pregnancy skincare is that it's not as dramatically different from the norm as you might expect. I experienced some hormonal acne, which meant I had to use some additional products to treat that. But the biggest thing that had to change was that I stopped using retinol. I gave it up for the entire pregnancy and for just under a year afterwards. I'm now ready to pick it up again and have chosen the Olay Regenerist Retinol24 Night Face Moisturiser, which alongside being one the best night creams I've ever used, is also a really gentle introductory retinoid product. Perfect for my return to vitamin A use. 

Before I found out I was pregnant I was using a potent form of vitamin A in Medik8 Crystal Retinal 6, which is formulated with 0.06% encapsulated retinaldehyde. As you might know, retinol products can cause sensitivity and dermatologists always recommended that if you're new to them, or restarting your journey after pregnancy, you should start slow. Dr Maryam Zamani says, "Start with a low concentration 2-3 times a week and gently increase slowly with a night cream. It’s always best to start slowly to diminish potential side effects and build a tolerance."

And so that's exactly what I did. Having reviewed the Olay Regenerist Retinol 24 Night Face Moisturiser in the past, I knew that it would be the ideal product to help me slowly build up my tolerance.

When I first tested the v a couple of years ago, I really rated it as a night cream. There were so many positives about it. I loved that it's relatively affordable at £38. (And I'll let you in on a little secret: it's almost always on sale at various retailers.) Second of all, I would wake up to skin that looked and felt nourished and perky. And thirdly, whilst fine lines weren't at the time my primary concern, (you can bet that they are now as I've hit my mid-thirties with two very small people in tow) I did notice that where I did have early signs of ageing skin continued use seemed to blur them. 

When I decided that it was time to reintroduce retinol into my routine this was the product that I thought of straight away. I liked the idea of starting with a cream - what drew me in was the creamy formulation, as opposed to a serum of low concentration which to me felt more active. And it's also powered by Retinyl Propionate, a synthetic derivative of vitamin A, which is known to be mild. 

However, whilst Dr Zamani notes that when it's applied topically, it can help promote collagen production and reduce the appearance of fine lines lines and wrinkles, and improve skin texture, encapsulated Retinol is superior. "[It] has all the benefits of Retinol, it is quicker to convert to Retinoic Acid then Retinyl Palmitate and will be more effective."

I am now well over two months of using the product, I started slow as recommended, and am now using it every single night. I have really noticed a change to my skin. Even on the days when I wake up really tired, my skin doesn't show it. There's a renewed bounce and the slight lines around my temples and across my forehead have definitely improved. 

I can feel myself starting to think about products that perhaps do a little more with a high potency, but not just yet. I think I'll give it a little longer. And because it's so gentle, I also think that when I do I will continue to use this on the days when I'm not using the other products.

More products from the range

When it comes to shopping for the best eye cream, we often look for ingredients such as caffeine or hyaluronic acid, but have you ever thought about retinol?  

You've probably heard of this magical skincare ingredient thanks to its ability to tackle everything from pigmentation, fine lines and more, but even as a beauty writer, I had never thought about applying it around my eye area.

So, when I saw that retinol eye creams were growing in popularity, I decided to go straight to the experts to find out everything I needed to know. I even tried some of the most popular brands out there, so keep on scrolling for my top picks.

What is retinol?

First things first, what is retinol? I spoke to Dr Justine Hextall, a consultant dermatologist for La Roche-Posay, who said, "Retinol is an over the counter form of a group of substances referred to more broadly as retinoids. These are all derived from vitamin A."

"Retinoids work by binding with the retinoic acid receptors in the skin, which stimulates a faster turnover of skin cells. Retinol also reduces the production of enzymes known as collagenases, which as their name suggests, facilitate the breakdown of collagen in the skin." 

Dr Hextall says that collagen forms our skin's scaffolding, so you want to try and avoid the breakdown of collagen where possible.

Why should you use a retinol eye cream? 

So, why might we want to be using retinol in our eye cream? "Our skin starts to lose collagen and elastin over time," explains Dr Hextall. "As the skin in the eye area is thinner, lacks oil glands and is subject to the stresses of constant muscle contraction, it is one of the first areas to show fine lines and wrinkles. As retinols help to reduce the breakdown of collagen and also thicken the epidermis, a retinol eye cream is both a good preventative and active treatment to repair damage. Using a retinoid can therefore help to brighten this area, thicken the epidermis and reduce dark circles."

How should you use a retinol eye cream? 

After reading that, you might be keen to add a retinol eye cream into your skincare routine, but it's important to make sure that it's the right fit for you.

Dr Hextall recommends balancing the retinol out with gentle, hydrating skincare ingredients to prevent dryness and irritation around the eye area. Also, make sure to use a retinol eye cream alongside a high factor, broad spectrum, daily SPF to avoid any sun damage.

Are retinol eye creams safe for everyone to use? 

Although retinol is amazing for some, it can irritate others, so Dr Hextall recommends avoiding retinol eye creams if you have any inflammatory skin issues around the eye area, such as eczema.

If you have sensitive skin, then Dr Hextall says that it might be fine to use, but make sure to introduce the product into your routine slowly and consider applying a moisturiser first to dilute it slightly and protect the skin.

The best retinol eye creams to buy now

So that you make the right choice when purchasing a retinol eye cream, team Marie Claire UK has been busy testing the best formulas around. We've taken everything from price, packaging and, of course, results into account. So, here are our top picks. Before scrolling, don't forget to check out our guides to the best caffeine eye cream, how to help under-eye wrinkles and how to get rid of dark circles.

1. La Roche-Posay Redermic [R] Retinol Eye Cream

"La Roche Posay is always my go-to skincare brand as their products are suitable for sensitive skin. I really like this eye cream as not only does it contain retinol, but it has caffeine too, helping to tackle a number of skin concerns. It's lightweight, really hydrating and doesn't have much of a scent, which meant that it didn't irritate my skin." Grace Lindsay, Beauty Writer

2. The INKEY List Retinol Eye Cream

"The INKEY List is amazing at creating affordable skincare that delivers real results, and the retinol eye cream is no exception. This eye cream was a little thicker than some of the others I tried, which meant it felt more hydrating on the skin (always a plus when it comes to retinol), and my skin definitely looked and felt a lot smoother."  Grace Lindsay, Beauty Writer

3. Murad Retinol Youth Renewal Eye Serum

"When it comes to eye cream, I always look for formulas that will depuff and brighten my under eyes. After nights with insomnia and a movie marathon that involved one or two tear jerkers, I can safely say that this eye cream did just the trick. Aside from tackling under-eye puffiness and brightening the area, this cream had a gentle scent and was very lightweight so felt fresh and cooling. Although it's an investment, it's definitely a must-have in my eye cream repertoire." Sofia Piza, Producer

4. No7 Pure Retinol Eye Cream

"This eye cream is so lightweight, and I didn't feel any burning or tingling after applying. Personally, I didn't notice any huge differences in the way my under eyes looked, however they did feel a lot smoother, and for the price, I will definitely continue to use to see if I notice any other results." Sofia Piza, Producer

5. RoC Retinol Correxion Line Smoothing Eye Cream

"This eye cream originally appealed to me thanks to the gold packaging, however, the product is just as nice. Lightweight and easy to apply, it blended into my under eye area like a dream, and works to tackle three main concerns. Puffiness, dark circles and fine lines be gone." Grace Lindsay, Beauty Writer

6. StriVectin Advanced Retinol Multi-Correct Eye Cream

"I've long been a big fan of retinol and have used it for a while now, but I've always been wary of using it around the eye area. I started using this StriVectin eye cream as I noticed some fine lines appearing and I'm so happy I did. My eye area is more hydrated and the metal applicator is the best one I have used. The product comes out of the top of the applicator which makes it much cleaner and easier to use compared to other eye creams I have tried. While I cannot say it has made my fine lines disappear, they haven't got worse and no new ones have appeared." Dionne Brighton, Writer

Whether you prefer seven steps or a couple, we're here to make sure your skincare routine is in the right order

With approximately a bajillion products on the market (just a ballpark), it's safe to say that the order of your skincare routine can get a bit confusing.

From glycolic acid to vitamin C serums to retinol and more, our skincare routines are no longer a case of simply cleansing, toning and moisturising. (Alas.) So if you're finding yourself regularly wondering 'what order should I apply my skincare products? Am I doing this right?', worry not. Because we're here to clear the fog on your skincare order.

'The order and steps depend on your skin type, which is why when reading blogs and online articles, you have to keep in mind the person writing might have totally different skin needs to you,' explains skin expert Ksenia Selivanova.

'For example, dry and reactive skin will not need a toner, and oils aren't suited to every skin. A good way to remember how to layer products is thinner, water-based products first followed by oil-based, thicker products, and always ending with SPF [during the day].'

Below you'll find a handy 'cheat sheet' for your skincare order. These are the steps you should be applying your skincare products in as advised by the experts. Be sure to bookmark for future reference.

Why the order of your skincare routine matters

Generally speaking, the rule of skincare routines can be summarised as thus: protect your skin in the daytime – SPF, best BB creams and primers – and correct your skin in the evening – retinols, concentrated serums, and heavier moisturisers.

Having all the beauty products in the world at your disposal won't matter if you're applying them in the wrong order, however. This is because products applied in the incorrect order – or even too many products applied at once – will dilute or cancel each other out; undoing all your hard work. In case you need a reminder of the skincare order...

Daytime skincare routine 

1. Cleanser

First thing's first – wash your face morning (and night too) as the first step in your routine, using your best cleanser and a hot flannel, microfibre or muslin cloth. 'Cleansing your skin is the most basic part of a good skincare routine and ideally should take place twice daily,' explains consultant dermatologist Dr Anjali Mahto. 'It functions to remove dirt, sweat, grime, microbes and pollution from the skin surface, as well as creating a clean base to then apply further products.'

2. Toner

If you enjoy using your best toner and it your skin has no problem with it, do so after cleanser. But whether it's absolutely necessary is widely debated. 'I'm not a big fan of toners as they often irritate the skin,' says consultant dermatologist Dr Justine Kluk.

'Not all skin types need a toner,' adds Kate Bancroft, founder of Face the Future. 'Sometimes a hydrating spray is a better option.'

Toners that contain AHAs or BHAs (alpha-hydroxy acids and beta-hydroxy acids) are a different story, as they act as an exfoliating step in your routine. These may help if you struggle with breakouts, clogged pores or slow skin cell turnover, depending on the particular acid. However, it's important that you follow the guidance on using acid-containing products and introduce them to your skin slowly.

'Caution is required with the exfoliating acids - the AHAs and BHAs,' Dr Mahto warns. 'Commonly used AHAs in skincare include glycolic acid, lactic acid, mandelic acid, and BHAs include salicylic acid. These can lead to dryness, flaking, itching, sensitivity and irritation if they are overused.

'Those who are more likely to develop sensitivity include those with dry or sensitive skin or a predisposition to skin conditions such as eczema or rosacea.'

3. Serums

Next in your routine comes the best face serums. In the morning, it's a good idea to use one of the best vitamin C serums as it offers additional protection for skin during the day. 'After cleansing, using an antioxidant serum containing vitamin C can help with skin brightening, as well as helping against harmful molecules known as free radicals, which lead to premature skin ageing,' Dr Mahto explains.

Hydrating serums can be used at any time of day, so you may want add one in here, too. (Layered before your treatment serum if you're doubling up.)

4. Moisturiser/oil/eye cream

Depending on your skin type, be sure to choose the best moisturiser for dry skin, best moisturiser for oily skin or best moisturiser for combination skin. They may be humectants, attracting water to the skin; emollients, providing a protective barrier to trap moisture; or occlusive, preventing water loss. This is also when you should be applying the best eye cream for your needs - whether that's for dark circles, bags or perhaps wrinkles.

5. Sun cream

Whatever your skin tone, sun protection is a must every single day – not just in the summer months! 'Using a sunscreen can help protect against skin cancer, as well as early onset of skin ageing, such as wrinkles or pigmentation,' Mahto confirms. In the same vein, a brilliant hyperpigmentation treatment is your BFF when it comes to preventing discolouration. Be sure to check out our edits of the best facial sunscreens and best sun creams for our top recommendations.

Nighttime skincare routine

1. Cleanser

Start by removing make-up and washing the day's grease and grime away – double cleansing comes into play in the evenings – again using your trusty flannel, microfibre or muslin cloth.

For the primary cleanse, a cleansing balm or oil is best for removing make-up and impurities from the day gone by. After that, a wash-off cleanser like the one you use in the morning (which can absolutely be the same) actually cleans the face.

2. Face mask (optional)

A frequently asked question is, where do the best face masks fit into your routine? The short answer is after cleansing, before all your other skincare steps, about twice weekly. 'Masks, if used, can be applied once or twice a week,' says Dr Kluk. 'I would suggest applying a mask after cleansing in the evening, then following with the rest of your usual skincare routine.'

3. Toner

If you're a fan of toner, here's where you should add it in to your evening routine.

4. Retinol (avoid using with AHA/BHAs)

'At night, using a vitamin A product [like retinol] will help boost collagen production in the skin as well as even out skin tone,' Dr Mahto explains. Retinol is known for being a pretty potent potion, so on the days you apply it, swap out any acid-containing products to avoid any reactions. It's thought that this can make your skin more sensitive to the sun initially, so it's worth applying in the evening and always using SPF the next day. Which, we might add, you should be doing every day anyway!

'Following retinol with any other topical skincare will dilute the active ingredient, vitamin A, and reduce its effectiveness,' Bancroft adds.

Depending on your skin's level of sensitivity, you may want to avoid acids completely on the days you're using retinol (more on why later). If you're new to it, be sure to introduce it gradually and begin with a low concentration, like 0.3%. Every third day is a good frequency to begin with.

5. Serum

Again referring to The Inkey List's earlier advice, apply hydrating serums first and treatment serums second. 'AHAs, such as glycolic or lactic acid can be used throughout the week depending on tolerance and sensitivity to gently chemically exfoliate the upper layer of dead skin cells, leading to a brighter complexion,' explains Mahto.

6. Moisturiser/oil/eye cream

Finish your nightly routine with your usual moisturiser or the best night cream for your skin type. And if your skin is particularly dry, you could try layering an oil over the top to lock in moisture, but it may not be essential. Final step is your eye cream.

Are there products that can't be applied together?

More and more of us are using potent skincare ingredients, like acids and retinol, on the regular, so it's important to know which of the strong stuff don't mix.

'Vitamin A creams, such as retinol or retinaldehyde, may increase sensitivity to the sun and so should be applied at night – and SPF should be applied the following morning. The same goes for acids,' explains Dr Kluk.

While it's not an absolute rule not to do so, many people would find using the two at once far too irritating. 'I would avoid using multiple products with irritant properties at the same time,' explains Dr Kluk. 'An example of this would be avoiding the application of AHAs, such as glycolic acid, and retinol or any of the prescription retinoid creams together. Many people can't even tolerate using these on the same day, so my advice would be to choose one or the other unless advised otherwise by a dermatologist.'

Kate agrees: 'I don't like to mix acids and retinols at the same time; some skins are highly susceptible to retinoid reactions and mixing too many actives in one go is asking for trouble.'

These days acids come in just about every skincare form, from cleanser to toner, serum and moisturiser. So what's the safe limit for how many AHA/BHA products you can use in one go?

Final skincare routine tips

It's also a good idea to leave some time between products to allow them to work into the skin. While this likely isn't possible when you're in a rush to get to your desk, even leaving a minute between applications will allow your skincare products to work their magic. Try cleaning your teeth, brushing your hair or making your morning coffee between steps to buy your products more time to absorb into your skin.

Here's to many good skin days ahead...

For more skincare advice and product recommendations, head to our Hair & Beauty section at the top of the page.

Here's how retinol became the stuff of skincare legends...

Far from being a one-hit beauty wonder, retinol is a mainstay in the skincare routines of beauty editors, dermatologists and skincare aficionados alike. A hero ingredient in the battle against fine lines and wrinkles, retinol has become as much an essential in some women's beauty regimens as the best eye cream or the best SPF moisturisers – and it isn't hard to see why.

So popular, in fact, is this renewing ingredient that 100,000 people signed up to the waiting list for No7's Retinol Cream ahead of its release. Pretty impressive, right?

Haven't used it before and want to know the best way to apply in your skincare routine? Want to know its dos and don'ts, or simply brush up on your skincare knowledge? Keep scrolling to find out everything you need to know about this wonder ingredient.

What is retinol?

'Retinol is pure Vitamin A and it is used to treat specific skin concerns such as skin prone to large pores (acne-prone skin) and mature skin,' explains Linda Blahr, National Head of Training and Science at SkinCeuticals.

'Retinol reactivates the skin renewal process and can be a great priming treatment to prepare skin for chemical peels and other medical procedures.'

Does it really work?

In short – yes. Retinol is one of the most revered ingredients in the beauty industry and has been proven to be effective at tackling early signs of ageing such as pigmentation including sun damage, fine lines and wrinkles.

As well as having ‘an exfoliating effect that smoothes skin texture and gives a natural glow, it also has antioxidant properties and reduces the appearance of brown spots,’ says aesthetic doctor Dr Bernard Hayot.

Dr Hayot explains that retinol 'stimulates flexibility and elasticity of the skin, collagen and also helps to create a bright complexion as well as regenerating melanin to tackle pigmentation.’

Make sure you’re using a product that contains the right form of retinol, though. Check the ingredients list first to make sure it contains ‘retinol or retinaldeyhe, rather than one of the less effective derivatives such as retintyplalmitate,’ recommends Dr Stefanie Williams, dermatologist and Director of the Eudelo clinic.

Is retinol the same as vitamin A?

Retinol is a form of retinoid, which is a derivative of vitamin A. Dr Hayot adds: ‘retinol is a vitamin A acid, which is the natural precursor to retinoic acid. Then body transforms retinol into retonic acid.’

It's in this form, as retonic acid, that the benefits of retinol are truly felt on the skin.

How to use retinol

‘Start, at the latest, when you see the first signs of reduced skin elasticity, fine lines and also irregular pigmentation,’ advises Dr Stefanie Williams.

When first using retinol you can experience some irritation such as dryness, redness and even flaky skin. So if it's your first time using it, ease yourself in by applying a low percentage and only use twice per week at intervals, gradually increasing to daily use if your skin can tolerate it well.

As your skin adapts and, if you don't suffer from too much sensitivity, you can increase the percentage too. ‘Even if you can’t build up to anymore than two days per week it’s still effective and worth doing so don’t be put off,’ says Dr Stefanie.

When you first apply only use a pea-sized amount. Trust us, a little goes a long way.

What to apply after retinol

We spoke to Dr Eleanor Bradley, No7’s Science Credentialing Manager, about what you should apply after using retinol.

'When using retinol, it’s really important to use nourishing products that can help hydrate, calm and support the skin’s barrier as part of your night-time regime. This is because your skin can be prone to dryness and redness due to retinol's action on the skin, especially at higher more potent strengths.

'That’s why we developed the No7 Pure Retinol Post Retinol Soother, a retinol-free formulation that’s been specifically designed for use with high strength retinol products like the No7 Pure Retinol 1% Night Concentrate. The No7 Pure Retinol Post Retinol Soother contains a range of nourishing and barrier-supporting ingredients including niacinamide, ceramides and Japanese lily turf alongside soothing bisabolol, liquorice and restorative centella asiatica - helping support skin's tolerance to retinol by ensuring skin is deeply moisturised, soothed and more resilient.'

What percentage of retinol is best?

'The higher the concentration, the stronger the skin will respond with visible shedding and redness,' explains Blahr. 'But, it is just as important to note that this is exactly the reaction that we want for optimal results – it’s no irritation at all.

'However, a skin with no retinol experience should always start low (with 0.3%) and increase the level (to 0.5% and then 1%) with each bottle. If the skin is quite sensitive just stay with 0.3%. The 1% is optimal for visible signs of ageing or photodamage (hyperpigmentation) and acne scars, however you'll only get this with a prescription.'

When do you use it?

Retinol can cause skin sensitivity and, after use, it’s important to be particularly careful in the sun and apply a high factor SPF 30 or 50, even if it looks cloudy or grey outside. You will find formulas for both day and night, but we would err on the side of caution and stick to it in your evening routine. You'll find it in many forms - but mainly as a night serum or in the best night creams.

Where should you apply it?

It's effective on all parts of the body; it's even included in some hand creams, though it is most commonly found in facial skincare products like the best face serums and hyperpigmentation treatment products. A good routine is to start with something like La Roche-Posay Retinol 0.3% + Vitamin B3 and apply to the forehead, then the nose, cheeks and chin. Be careful to avoid the eye area and around the nostrils as this area is prone to suffering from dryness.

‘Avoid using retinol around the eyes because the skin is thinner, more delicate and sensitive in that area,’ advises Dr Bernard Hayot.

When should you start using retinol?

It's important to remember that everyone's skin is different, but Dr Ewoma Ukeleghe of the SKNDOCTOR clinic tells us that as a general rule, the age of 25 is a good time to start using retinol, as it's when our skin's collagen levels start to deplete.

Is retinol good for acne?

‘Vitamin A acid or retinoic acid was first used to treat acne on young adults before its skincare benefits were fully realised,’ says Dr Hayot. Isotretinion, more commonly referred to as the brand name Roaccutane, is a form of vitamin A.

Be careful if you’re on any prescribed acne medication though. Certain ingredients commonly found in acne medication such as salicylic or glycolic acid can cause irritation and redness if combined with retinol, so be sure to check with your doctor before using.

How long does it take to work?

As with all skincare products, you should be patient with the results. ‘Skin is renewed after 28 days on average, which means the new cells migrate to the surface of the skin after which time you should start seeing results,’ says Dr Hayot.

Next up, getting your hands on the best retinol products on the market. Take a look at our edit of the best below. We've tested each product as part of our evening skincare routine and looked at things like the formula, texture, ingredients, price and of course, the results.

Whether you're battling break-outs or eczema, rosacea or dullness, there's a never-ending stream of products out there promising to truly transform your complexion.

But which ones are actually worth it? The Marie Claire UK Skin Awards judges put the best treatment products on the market through their paces, to help you find the ones that are actually worth spending your money on.

From brightening retinoids to soothing eczema balms, here are the 'Treat' winners of the Marie Claire UK Skin Awards 2021...

Best Treatment for Pigmentation

Winner: Allies of Skin Mandelic Pigmentation Corrector Night Serum

This powerful serum is packed full of hardworking ingredients for a results-driven effect that means pigmentation stands no chance. As well as 11% mandelic, lactic and salicylic Acids, the formula also contains 1% bakuchiol (a gentle retinol alternative), as well as eight brighteners, and seven antioxidants and peptides. In addition to exfoliation, Allies Of Skin’s serum also focuses on replenishing the skin to ensure it’s left feeling hydrated and supported, with the use of hyaluronic acid and rosehip oil. Judge Sherrille Riley says: ‘This serum was rated 10 in all three categories for the unique combination of active ingredients, beautiful design and sustainable packaging.’

Highly Commended: Murad Rapid Dark Spot Correcting Serum

Best Vitamin C Product

Winner: Perricone MD Vitamin C Ester CCC+ Ferulic Brightening Complex 20%

The dream vitamin C product will brighten, protect from outside aggressors like pollution, and target pigmentation and dark spots. Perricone MD’s formula ticks all these boxes and then some, with its effective formula that’s powered by the brand’s highest ever concentration of vitamin C at 20%. Also in there is ferulic acid and vitamin E, both of which work beautifully with vitamin C and help in its delivery system. Speaking of the serum, judge Alice Hart-Davis calls the formula a ‘powerful brightening serum'.

Highly Commended: AlumierMD EverActive C&E + Peptide

Best Luxury Hyaluronic Acid Product

Winner: FaceGym Hydro-Bound Daily Serum

FaceGym’s beloved serum combines the power of ultra-hydrating hyaluronic acid with equally-as-impressive polyglutamic acid, for noticeably bouncier, brighter skin that feels healthier and well, quenched of thirst. Judge Sherrille Riley confirmed the product is just as good as we initially thought, when she commented: ‘This serum is faultless. It ticks all the right boxes for hydration and brightness delivered in a pretty bottle.’

Best Purse-friendly Hyaluronic Acid Product

Winner: The INKEY List Hyaluronic Acid

A mainstay in affordable skincare, The INKEY List’s bestselling product is still its original Hyaluronic Acid serum, which at £5.99, is an affordable way to get your fix of the wonder-ingredient. The formula is super simple and does what it says on the tin, all while delivering a lightweight, watery texture that does not feel sticky. Judge Sherrille Riley says: ‘This is my absolute favourite serum. It is easy to use and thirst-quenching for dry, dehydrated skin. The small sized packing makes it travel friendly, too.'

Highly Commended: e.l.f. Cosmetics Holy Hydration! Makeup Melting Cleansing Balm

Best Retinol Product

Winner: Verso Super Facial Serum

A gold standard ingredient in anti-ageing and at targeting acne, the retinol skincare field is somewhat an overcrowded one these days. But Verso’s Super Facial Serum — made with the brand’s exclusive, patented retinol 8 complex — cuts through all the noise. Tackling fine lines and pigmented areas by encouraging cell turnover, the serum also protects skin and keeps it hydrated with ingredients such as hyaluronic acid. It may be pricey, but our judges believe it’s worth the extra spend.

Highly Commended: Murad Retinol Youth Renewal Serum

Best Rosacea Product

Winner: Rosalique 3 in 1 Anti-Redness Miracle Formula SPF 50

This wonder-product targets rosacea with its instant concealing effect, as well as an ingredients list packed full of redness-fighting ingredients like zeolite, provitamin B5, and urea. In addition to redness, the formula works to improve the effects of keratosis pilaris and uneven skin tone, and is suitable for hypersensitive skin. Plus, it even has an SPF 50. Judge Rose Gallagher — who suffers with redness herself — says: ‘Overall I think this is a great redness solution. It comes out bright green and melts into a soft beige to neutralise the look of redness. It is lightweight, very easy to blend, and it sits well under your everyday makeup while helping to reduce the brightness of redness.’

Highly Commended: Meder Beauty Red-Apax Concentrate

Best Eczema Product

Winner: BIODERMA Atoderm Intensive Baume

When looking for the perfect eczema product, it was important to find one that was ultra-soothing, controls itch, and feels cooling and comforting on skin. Bioderma’s Atoderm Intensive Baum is a winner in all senses, with a patented Skin Barrier Therapy that targets dryness. Dr Vicky Dondos says of the product: ‘The proof is in the pudding - this is a much loved product amongst my clients, many of whom find it extremely effective for managing eczema on their kids' skin.’ Fellow judge Dr Anjali Mahto adds that this is an ‘effective, soothing emollient treatment for dry or eczema-prone skin, which can help boost the skin barrier and reduce water loss from the skin surface'.

Highly Commended: Salcura Bioskin Zeoderm Skin Repair Moisturiser

Best Blemish Product

Winner: PCA Skin Blemish Control Bar

What most of us look for in a blemish product is long-term anti-inflammatory properties, and an ability to make a spot look less red and angry in an instant. PCA’s Skin Blemish Control Bar won out overall with our judges thanks to its innovative formula, blemish-fighting ingredients (such as salicylic acid), and appealing smell. Judge Michaella Bolder says that the bar, ‘Leaves skin feeling very clean and fresh.’

Highly Commended: ZitSticka Goo Getter

Best Product for Acne-prone Skin

Winner: ZitSticka Killa Kit

There are many spot stickers around these days, but the ZitSticka Killa Kit is a clear standout thanks to its 2-in-1 approach to targeting nasty blemishes. Not only does it act as a protective film to keep the spot clean and discourage touching or picking, it also uses a genius microdart technology. This technology floods the centre of any spot with targeted ingredients such as salicylic acid and niacinamide to bring down inflammation and speed up the healing process.

Highly Commended: Clinisoothe+ Skin Purifier

Best Base with Skincare Benefits

Winner: bareMinerals Complexion Rescue Tinted Moisturiser Hydrating Gel Cream SPF 30

This year has seen a huge surge in hybrid makeup products that boost the appearance of the complexion while also treating it with added skincare benefits. While there were many to choose from, bareMinerals’ bestselling Complexion Rescue Tinted Moisturiser Hydrating Gel Cream SPF 30 is a clear standout in this arena. The lightweight tint has a gel-cream texture that blends with ease and feels more like a serum than a makeup product. It offers a buildable level of coverage, an SPF of 30, and a shade range of 20 hues to suit a range of skin tones. Judges Lisa Potter-Dixon and Katie Thomas are huge fans of the product, with Lisa stating it ‘gives a lovely, dewy finish', and Katie adding that it is ‘amazing on all skin types'.

Highly Commended: Skingredients Skin Shield SPF 50 PA+++

Best Luxury SPF Product for Face

Winner: Murad City Skin Age Defense Broad Spectrum SPF 50 PA++++

By now we’ve all heard the importance of daily SPF use whether indoors or outdoors in a bid to protect the skin from sun damage and early signs of ageing. Murad’s SPF is fragrance-free, mineral-based and provides high factor, SPF 50 protection and shields against digital blue light damage, UVA, UVB & pollution. Not only does it offer sun protection but it will also leave your skin with a luminous natural glow, making it perfect for those makeup-free days. Dr Ifeoma Ejikeme from this year's judging panel raves highly about this luxury SPF, saying 'This sunscreen stands above the crowd with its antioxidants and the UVA and UVB rating.'

Highly Commended: Supergoop! Unseen Sunscreen SPF 30

Best Purse-friendly SPF Product for Face

Winner: Vichy Capital Soleil UV Age Daily SPF50+ Facial Sunscreen

Not only does Vichy’s SPF lotion protect skin from harmful UV rays from the sun year-round, it also works to rewind some of the damage already done in terms of ageing (think fine lines and dark spots). The product also centres around the need to protect skin from damaging pollutants and environmental aggressors that we can often forget. For this reason, it’s a brilliant all-rounder. Judge Dr Vicky Dondos comments: ‘This has a VERY nice finish. I usually look for non-fragranced formulas, but this has a very light and lovely refreshing fragrance. It's also high tech.’

Highly Commended: Garnier Ambre Solaire Over Makeup Super UV Protection Mist SPF50

Best Exfoliating Face Mask

Winner: Osmosis Polish Cranberry Enzyme Mask

The Osmosis Polish Cranberry Enzyme Mask harnesses the power of cranberry enzymes to gently slough away dead skin, and leave the complexion looking refreshed with a radiant glow. As well as a face mask, the product can also be mixed with your morning or evening cleanser for an exfoliating wash. Judge Abigail James says: ‘I love this mask; it has natural plant based ingredients, and I love the natural scent. It definitely makes the skin glow.’

Highly Commended: Kat Burki Dual Exfoliating Clay

Best Hydrating Face Mask

Winner: Youth To The People Superberry Hydrate + Glow Dream Mask

We can’t get enough of Youth To The People’s glow-enhancing mask, whose INCI list reads like a who’s who of trending skincare ingredients. With vitamin C-rich berries, squalane, and hyaluronic acid, this elixir leaves skin pillowy soft and noticeably more dewy. Judge Sherrille Riley sang its praises also: ‘This mask gets all the 10's. It’s the first product I wanted to try. It delivers the ultimate hydration and radiance for clearer, healthier looking skin. A favourite.’

Highly Commended: Keys Soulcare Harmony Mask

Best Body Treatment Product

Winner: First Aid Beauty KP Smoothing Body Lotion

First Aid Beauty’s KP Smoothing Body Lotion promises to target the effects of keratosis pilaris, and our judges found it does just that, and then some. The formula harnesses the power of 10% lactic acid to gently exfoliate rough bumps on the skin’s surface, while also keeping the body super soft and smooth with moisturising urea and colloidal oatmeal, and barrier protecting ceramides. Judge Vicky Dondos says: ‘[This is] simple and effective. It’s also less likely to cause sensitivity than competitors that address this very common issue.’

Highly Commended: Legology Peach-Lite

Best Luxury SPF Product for Body

Winner: RéVive Soleil Superiéur Broad Spectrum SPF 50 Sunscreen PA++++

Yes, it may be pricey, but our judges could not stop singing the praises of this hardworking SPF that boasts a super lightweight, transparent formula and a reliable, ultra-high level of protection for skin that means it’s even approved by the Skin Cancer Foundation. ‘I like the easy absorption and the high UVA protection,’ said judge Dr Emma Wedgeworth.

Best Purse-friendly SPF Product for Body

Winner: Garnier Ambre Solaire Eco Designed Protection Lotion SPF30

This SPF has it all: a fair price point, lightweight, non-sticky texture that blends in with ease, a solid level of protection, and perhaps most importantly, an eco-friendly angle. Garnier now works with Ocean Conservatory to fight ocean plastic, meaning its bottles are now made from 100% recycled plastic that can also be recycled again and again. Sustainability Awards judge (and Marie Claire Digital Editor) Holly Rains said: ‘This has a great price, a great use of recycled packaging, and smells like holiday. A trusted brand that I always reach for when I'm away.’

Highly Commended: Lancaster Sun Sensitive Oil-Free Milk SPF50

Best Self Tan for Body

Winner: St. Tropez Ashley Graham Limited Edition Ultimate Glow Kit

St. Tropez’s limited edition glow kit by Ashley Graham features the brand’s powerful new Self Tan Luxe Whipped Crème Mousse, along with a hardworking mitt for perfect application. Not only does the tan have a gloriously whipped texture, it also smells great and creates a natural-looking, even golden colour that also protects skin with ingredients like hyaluronic acid and antioxidants rosehip oil and vitamin E. Judge Cher Webb spoke highly of the kit, explaining: ‘This mousse glides on with ease, with an uplifting passion fruit scent. It’s easy to apply and I like that you can apply it either as an instant tan, or one to develop overnight/throughout the day.’

Highly Commended: Amanda Harrington London Body Mousse

Best Self Tan for Face

Winner: Tan-Luxe Super Glow

We all want that dream facial tanner that gives us a healthy, golden glow without looking overly obvious or pigmented. Tan-Luxe’s original Super Glow serum delivers just that, with a super lightweight, non-sticky formula that feels like a skincare product, and an ultra-subtle result that will have friends questioning where you’ve been on holiday. Judge Katie Thomas says: ‘This is my winner; it's subtle but makes you look SO healthy rather than really tanned, which is better for an everyday product in my opinion.’

Highly Commended: Skinny Tan Notox Beauty Elixir

Best Skincare Device/Tool

Winner: The Light Salon Boost LED Face Mask

Skincare tools and devices have evolved ten fold in the past few years, meaning you can feel the effects of a professional treatment from the comfort of your own home, when it’s convenient to do so. The Light Salon’s Boost LED Face Mask is the clear winner in this category; it’s portable, light to carry, and works with speed in just 10 minutes. In terms of results, it promises to plump, hydrate, calm the skin, and encourage relaxation, while also reducing the appearance of wrinkles, improving hydration, and evening skin tone — and our judges can confirm its brilliance. Adeola Gboyega says: ‘This is a fantastic product that gives the effects of an at-home salon treatment; it’s really effective.’

Highly Commended: FOREO BEAR

Highly Commended: ilody Kansa Wonder Wand

Best CBD product

Winner: OTO CBD Sleep Drops

CBD has skyrocketed in popularity recently, so finding a product that stands out can be a challenge. Enter: the OTO CBD Sleep Drops, which are guaranteed to impress. Designed in order to soothe and calm before bedtime, these drops are taken orally underneath the tongue, and thanks to their minty flavour, can be used after teeth brushing, too. Speaking of the drops, judge Dr Kemi Fabusiwa commented they ‘massively helped’ with her insomnia, and are, ‘a lovely alternative’ for sleep problems.

Highly Commended: Wild Science Lab Root + Fruit Control Switch Repair Serum

Best Skincare Supplement

Winner: HUM Nutrition Skin Squad

With HUM’s Nutrition Skin Squad, you’ll certainly get your money’s worth. The four-in-one supplement has been designed to not only support a clear, even complexion, but also works to balance the gut microbiome, promote the growth of beneficial bacteria, and aid in healthy digestion. Speaking about the brand and its supplements, judge Lisa Oxenham comments: ‘These are amazing quality, using ocean plastic packaging. The brand is getting quality vits to the masses.’

Highly Commended: NobleBlu Beauty

It's finally able to buy today – go, go, go!

With the biggest waitlist in its history, the first Boots No7 retinol cream is breaking the internet.

So does the grandly named No 7 Advanced Retinol 1.5% Complex Night Concentrate live up to the hype?

What Exactly Is The Boots No7 Retinol Cream?

The product is actually an anti-ageing serum to be used at night. It contains retinol, a derivative of vitamin A and a potent member of the ‘retinoid’ family.

It is genuinely groundbreaking because it is Boots’ first foray into using retinol instead of retinyl palmitate, a less powerful retinoid, which was the key ingredient in the Protect & Perfect Serum.

No7 Advanced Retinol 1.5% Complex Night Concentrate, £34

Buy it now

The texture of the No7 Advanced Retinol 1.5% Complex Night Concentrate is lightweight, non-sticky and easily absorbed by the skin.

However, if you suffer from particularly dry skin, you may find that you still need to apply moisturiser on top afterwards. Use the best moisturiser for every skin type as a guide.

Retinol In Skincare: How Does It Fight Wrinkles?

Generally-speaking, retinol resurfaces the skin, meaning it buffs away dead cells on the surface of the skin. It also helps break up any pigmentation patches on the skin.

But, most importantly, it helps increase the production of collagen to reduce the appearance of wrinkles and makes skin firmer.

What’s more, Boots has used cutting-edge technology to deliver the retinol into your skin.

By suspending the retinol inside a skin-compatible oil and water formula, it is able to travel through the surface layers to where skin needs it most.

Plus, its anti-ageing benefits are helped along by No7’s signature peptide compound. These proteins seriously help plump up skin for both cumulative and immediate gratification.

Will The Retinol Irritate My Skin?

The fact that the Boots No7 retinol cream is unscented is good news for those with sensitive skin.

It also contains bisabolol, a skin-calming ingredient derived from camomile, to play down any irritation.

The ‘1.5% Retinol Complex’ label needs a little explaining, too.

Contrary to common belief, the product doesn’t contain 1.5 per cent retinol. In fact, it consists of 0.3 per cent retinol, which No7 scientists found was the sweet-spot concentration for efficacy with minimal irritation (the 1.5 per cent refers to the mix of retinol and other actives).

Tempted? At just £34 and with a 100,000 pre-orders you’ll have to be quick to snap it up.

Retinol just got more user friendly

Ah retinol. Another name for vitamin A, it’s the marmite of the beauty world and possibly one of the most mystifying anti-ageing ingredients out there. Devotees wax lyrical about retinol being the one of the few anti-ageing ingredients actually proven to smooth wrinkles, even skin tone and build fresh skin-firming collagen. Haters give it a bad rap for leaving skin red raw and lizard-like. But what if a retinol product could bridge the gap and be both gentle potent?

Enter Dr Murad’s breakthrough Retinol Youth Renewal Serum, which packs a powerful hit of retinol into a skin-loving formula without irritation or downtime.

Seeking more serums? Head to our sister site Powder to get a personalised recommendation.

The secret? Three different high-tech delivery systems: a fast-acting retinoid (a stronger form of vitamin A than retinol) accelerates results by quickly boosting cell renewal. Secondly, tiny spheres containing retinol slowly melt onto the skin and deliver a sustained supply at low doses. Then, finally, a soy-based retinol booster steps in, which improves the skin’s absorption of molecules such as retinol and peptides. Throw in hydrating hyaluronic acid, which attracts moisture to the skin’s surface to ‘fill in’ fine lines, and Himalayan swertia flower extract to improve elasticity and it’s basically magic.

Shop Dr Murad Retinol Youth Renewal Serum, £65, here: www.murad.co.uk. Also available from leading spas and salons nationwide plus selected John Lewis, House of Fraser and Debenhams department stores.